ACTS CHAPTER 4:1-22, “Peter And John Arrested For Preaching”

by

Jim Bomkamp

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1.                 INTRO:

 

1.1.         In our study this week we will look at the first persecution of the church from the book of Acts

 

1.1.1.  This story of the people in Acts chapter 4 responding to persecution by being fearless and confident, and then always praying for more boldness for their preaching and testimony before men, ought to encourage all of us Christians to do likewise in our lives, for if they can be bold and confident, not fearing persecution, so can we, for we have the same Holy Spirit who can fill and empower us and gives this tremendous power.

 

1.1.1.1.Prov. 28:1 says, “The wicked flee when no one is pursuing, But the righteous are bold as a lion”.

 

1.1.1.2.Paul exhorted timid Timothy to be bold in 2 Tim. 1:7, “7 For God has not given us a spirit of timidity, but of power and love and discipline”.

 

1.1.1.3.Paul wrote in Eph. 3:12 concerning Christ in the Christian’s life:  “12 in whom we have boldness and confident access through faith in Him”.

 

1.1.1.4.In Ezekiel 3:8-9, the Lord exhorted Ezekiel not to be afraid of the house of Israel but to go and boldly deliver the prophetic message to them that He would give to him, “8 “Behold, I have made your face as hard as their faces, and your forehead as hard as their foreheads. 9 “Like emery harder than flint I have made your forehead. Do not be afraid of them or be dismayed before them, though they are a rebellious house””.

 

1.1.2.  We will see in this study how that persecution for our faith in Christ can strengthen our walk with the Lord

 

1.1.3.  We will also see in this study how that persecution is used by the Lord in our lives to refine and purify our faith

 

2.                 VS 4:1-2  - Acts 4:1-2  1 And as they were speaking to the people, the priests and the captain of the temple guard, and the Sadducees, came upon them, 2 being greatly disturbed because they were teaching the people and proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead. (NASB) -   The priests, captain of the temple guard and the Sadducees come upon Peter and John preaching

 

2.1.         As in the first sermon which Peter preached, this sermon ended abruptly.  However, this time it ended because Peter and John were being arrested. 

 

2.2.         This is the first record of the apostles and of the gospel itself being persecuted. 

 

2.3.         The Sadducees were now the ruling party in Jerusalem, and from this point on in the book of Acts we see almost nothing of the Pharisees in Jerusalem, who gave Jesus such a hard time in His ministry. 

 

2.3.1.  Persecution from this time on came through the Sadducees almost exclusively. 

 

2.3.2.  All of the wealthy were Sadducees, and all of the Sadducees were wealthy. 

 

2.3.3.  Their party was the party of culture and affluence.  They believed that the here and now was all that really existed or mattered. 

 

2.3.4.  They were materialistic in their thinking primarily, and thus they rejected anything of the supernatural.  Even though they believed in God, they did not believe in the afterlife or in angels.

 

2.4.         The Sadducees were ‘greatly disturbed’ by what the apostles were saying to the people, but what bothered them the most was that the apostles were preaching to the people that Jesus had raised from the dead, that there could be a resurrection of all the dead, and that these men attributed the phenomena surrounding them to the Holy Spirit’s influence.

 

1.                 VS 4:3  - “Acts 4:3 3 And they laid hands on them, and put them in jail until the next day, for it was already evening. (NASB)” -    Peter and John are thrown into jail

 

1.1.         The arrest of Jesus violated the law of the Jews in every way, however these Sadducees arrested the apostles according to the law.  As the law stated, they were placed in jail until the next day, since they were arrested in the evening.

 

2.                 VS 4:4  -Acts 4:4 4 But many of those who had heard the message believed; and the number of the men came to be about five thousand. (NASB) -  Many people were saved as a result of the preaching of Peter

 

2.1.         Even though Peter’s message was again abrupt and cut short, the Holy Spirit was so working through his life in power, that there was tremendous fruit as a result of this preaching.

 

2.2.         This verse says either that another 5,000 believed, or that in addition to the 3,000 who believed on the day of Pentecost, another 2,000 believed in Jesus on this day. 

 

2.3.         It says that the number of the ‘men’ was 5,000, however this probably refers not to men only, but rather to people in general.

 

3.                 VS 4:5-7  - Acts 4:5-7  5 And it came about on the next day, that their rulers and elders and scribes were gathered together in Jerusalem; 6 and Annas the high priest was there, and Caiaphas and John and Alexander, and all who were of high-priestly descent. 7 And when they had placed them in the center, they began to inquire, "By what power, or in what name, have you done this?" (NASB) -  The rulers ask Peter and John by what power they have performed this miracle

 

3.1.         This meeting was comprised of the Sanhedrin, the central ruling body in Israel, who was meeting to determine the fate of Peter and John for preaching this message which they thought was deplorable and destructive.  Another person who was present at this gathering was the man himself who was healed.  The court probably was seated in a half circle with the high priest in the center, and then Peter, John, and the healed man were brought into the middle of this semi-circle.

 

3.2.         It is ironic that there was really no discussion amongst this group about whether a legitimate miracle had occurred, for concerning this all would agree. 

 

3.2.1.  What the council wanted to know was how it was possible that Peter and John could have done such a thing? 

 

3.2.2.  They wanted to know by ‘what power source’ or ‘in what name’ they had performed this miracle? 

 

3.2.3.  They rejected what Peter said to the multitude about this healing being done by their hands through “the name of Jesus Christ”, and they wanted to know what was the ‘real reason’ that the man was healed.

 

4.                 VS 4:8-9  - Acts 4:8-9 8 Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them, "Rulers and elders of the people, 9 if we are on trial today for a benefit done to a sick man, as to how this man has been made well, (NASB) -  Peter in this his third sermon begins by being ‘filled with the Holy Spirit’

 

4.1.         It is of utmost importance here to note that in verse 8 it is written that Peter had a sudden filling of the Holy Spirit, for it is only because of this sovereign work of the Holy Spirit falling upon Peter that he is suddenly given such great courage and boldness to speak God’s Word clearly, concisely, and with great conviction.

 

4.1.1.  If in obedience to God’s commission of us to preach the gospel to the whole world, we Christians will ask the Lord for boldness so that we can preach the gospel to the lost people in our life, then He will mightily fill us as He did Peter and John.  Then, we too will boldly preach the gospel and be used mightily by the Lord.

 

4.2.         Addressing this group of religious professionals, Peter speaks out much in the same way as Jesus used to speak to people.  Sarcastically, Peter asks the rulers if he and John were on trial for ‘a benefit done to a sick man’.  How could they be arresting him for a wonderful work performed upon a very needy man?

 

4.3.         For application’s sake I have to ask you a question, ‘If someone asks you why it is that your life is so different than other peoples’, will you stand up boldly and courageously and tell them that the reason your different is because you’re a Christian and Christ is living through your life?

 

5.                 VS 4:10  - Acts 4:10 10 let it be known to all of you, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene, whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead-- by this name this man stands here before you in good health. (NASB) -  Peter boldly tells the authorities who are questioning him that it is by ‘the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene’ that the man was healed

 

5.1.         Peter says an awful lot in this one verse. 

 

5.1.1.  Peter says that it was the name of ‘Jesus’ (Jehovah-savior) the ‘Christ’ (the Messiah to the Jews) the Nazarene (most people knew of this man Jesus who was from the city of Nazareth).  This was a very compacted and accurate title of Jesus.

 

5.1.2.  Peter again points the blame for their Messiah’s death directly upon them by saying that this man is the One whom they had crucified.

 

5.1.3.  Peter tells the people that though they had crucified the Jewish Messiah, that God had raised Him from the dead.  This is the heart of the gospel or “good news”. 

 

5.1.4.  By the ‘Name’ of Jesus this man was standing before them in good health, made completely well.

 

6.                 VS 4:11  - Acts 4:11 11 "He is the stone which was rejected by you, the builders, but which became the very corner stone. (NASB) -  Peter tells the people that Jesus was the ‘very corner stone’ of God’s building and plans but He was rejected by they the builders

 

6.1.         Peter quoted from Psalm 118:22 and Is. 28:16 as he defended he and John’s actions before the Sanhedrin.  These writers prophesied about the Messiah being a “chief corner stone” which would be rejected by the Jewish leaders.  The corner stone in a building is the key stone which is used, and scripture teaches that Jesus holds the keys to heaven and hell, but the Jewish religionists had rejected Him who was their own Messiah. 

 

6.1.1.  Isaiah wrote in Is. 28:16, 16 Therefore thus says the Lord GOD, "Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone, A costly cornerstone for the foundation, firmly placed. He who believes in it will not be disturbed”.

 

6.1.2.  The Psalmist wrote in Ps. 118:22, “22 The stone which the builders rejected Has become the chief corner stone.

 

6.2.         The New Bible Dictionary tells us where the New Testament draws its references from the Old Testament for Christ being the ‘CORNERSTONE’ in God’s building:

 

6.2.1.  It says in effect that this concept comes from three Old Testament passages, the two quoted here by Peter, Isaiah 28:16, and Psalm 118:22, but also from Isaiah 8:14

 

6.2.1.1.Isaiah 8:14 says, “14 “Then He shall become a sanctuary;  But to both the houses of Israel, a stone to strike and a rock to stumble over, And a snare and a trap for the inhabitants of Jerusalem

 

6.2.2.  The New Bible Dictionary has the following explanation for the meaning of this concept of Christ being the ‘cornerstone’ of God’s building, “The phrase ‘head of the corner’ can indicate one of the large stones near the foundations of a building which by their sheer size bind together two or more rows of stones, but it is more likely to refer to the final stone which completes an arch or is laid at the top corner of a building (so Jeremiah).

 

6.2.3.  The New Bible Dictionary goes on to say, “This idea underlies Eph. 2:20 (Gk. akrogoµniaios, sc. lithos), where Paul pictures the stones of the new temple as joined together by Christ who as the cornerstone gives the building completeness and unity. Christ is elsewhere described as the church’s *foundation, but Eph. 2:20 reverses the figure and regards the first-generation apostles and prophets as the foundation, with Christ as the summit and consummation”

 

7.                 VS 4:12  - Acts 4:12 12 "And there is salvation in no one else; for there is no other name under heaven that has been given among men, by which we must be saved." (NASB)-  Peter tells the people there that a person can only be saved through the name of Jesus

 

7.1.         Peter’s boldness, which is attributed only to the filling of the Holy Spirit, is blatantly obvious as he speaks the gospel message so confidently, and clearly before these wealthy religious leaders. 

 

7.2.         Peter tells them that ‘salvation’ comes only through Jesus Christ.  There is no other source from which a man or woman may be forgiven their sins and inherit eternal life except through Him. 

 

7.3.         Peter tells these men that the ‘name of Jesus’ has another significance, in that only through His name can people receive salvation.  There is no other possibility for salvation ‘under heaven’, or ‘on the earth’.

 

7.4.         I have to put the question before you since it has now come up, have you had the experience of being ‘saved’ as this verse talks about?  Do you know without a doubt that if you died tonight that you would spend eternity with God in heaven?  If you do not have this assurance, you can be saved from your sins and receive eternal life through the name of Jesus Christ if you repent and believe in Jesus as you personal Lord and savior...

 

8.                 VS 4:13  - Acts 4:13 13 Now as they observed the confidence of Peter and John, and understood that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were marveling, and began to recognize them as having been with Jesus. (NASB) -  The leaders marveled at the confidence of Peter and John and they recognized that these men had been with Jesus

 

8.1.         The men of the Sanhedrin were puzzled that a person could have such confidence or knowledge of God and truth not having been properly schooled by their teachers.

 

8.1.1.  The Sadducees in this council marveled at Peter and John because of the confidence which they possessed as witnesses for Jesus Christ.

 

8.1.2.  These men thought that Peter and John had merely been trained and inspired by Jesus’ confidence and example while He was still alive.

 

8.2.         Jesus spoke with this same confidence and boldness throughout His ministry, even in that gospel account when at the age of 12 he was speaking with the scribes in the temple.

 

8.3.         These leaders were almost correct in their assertion that they knew that Peter and John had been with Jesus, the fact is though that in the Spirit ‘Peter and John were presently in fellowship with Jesus’.  It was Jesus who was actually giving them this confidence and clarity of speech. 

 

8.3.1.  These men refused to admit the possibility that Jesus may still be alive, or that He had been raised from the dead, so they did not know how to explain what the men had done in healing the lame man. 

 

9.                 VS 4:14  - “Acts 4:14 14 And seeing the man who had been healed standing with them, they had nothing to say in reply. (NASB)” -  The leaders were dumbfounded and didn’t know what to say to Peter and John since the man who had been healed was standing there with them

 

9.1.         The greatest testimony today of the living Christ amongst His church is the lives of people who have been healed by Jesus spiritually and otherwise. 

 

9.2.         We in the church must pray for the Lord to perform great works of healing and restoration in the lives of our fellow church members so that the testimony of Christ in the church can be as powerful as it was on this day in Jerusalem.

 

10.            VS 4:15-17  - “Acts 4:15-17 15 But when they had ordered them to go aside out of the Council, they began to confer with one another, 16 saying, "What shall we do with these men? For the fact that a noteworthy miracle has taken place through them is apparent to all who live in Jerusalem, and we cannot deny it. 17 "But in order that it may not spread any further among the people, let us warn them to speak no more to any man in this name." (NASB)” – The leaders of this council confer with one another as to how they should respond towards Peter and John because of this healing done at their hands

 

10.1.    These Sadducees on the Sanhedrin had a predicament upon their hands, one to which they knew they must respond in a pragmatic way. 

 

10.1.1.They knew that it was common knowledge and nothing to be denied, that a noteworthy miracle had occurred to this man who had been born lame. 

 

10.1.2.These men had voted to have Jesus murdered, however at this time they feared the multitude if they were to murder or imprison these apostles who were testifying about their experience with Jesus. 

 

10.1.3.They decide that really all that they can do to try to curb this open preaching of the gospel of Jesus Christ was to warn Peter and John not to preach anymore in Jesus’ name. 

 

10.2.    These men underestimated the power of Jesus Christ within Peter and John and the rest of the apostles, for there was no way that they could permanently thwart what the Lord was doing in His church.

 

10.3.    Persecution has always helped the testimony of Christ to go out, and has not significantly hindered it.  It has also resulted in a purification of the church.

 

10.4.    It is sad to see the response of the Sanhedrin

 

10.4.1.Never once did these men make any attempt to consider what it really meant that this wonderful healing had occurred through the name of Jesus Christ.  If only they had thought a little more about all the events that had occurred, and then asked the Lord for wisdom or understanding as to what had actually occurred, and as to what they should do about it.

 

10.4.2.They never allowed themselves to consider even for a minute whether or not Jesus might really be the living ‘Messiah’.

 

11.            VS 4:18-20  - Acts 4:18-20 18 And when they had summoned them, they commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus. 19 But Peter and John answered and said to them, "Whether it is right in the sight of God to give heed to you rather than to God, you be the judge; 20 for we cannot stop speaking what we have seen and heard. " (NASB) -  When commanded to quit preaching or speaking in the name of Jesus Peter and John tell the council that they cannot do this

 

11.1.    What incredible boldness and courage was given to Peter and John through the Holy Spirit

 

11.1.1.Peter and John boldly told them that it was the rulers job to determine if they were violating their law in proclaiming the gospel, however they themselves were unwilling for a moment to stop speaking out of the gospel of Jesus Christ.

 

11.1.2.Peter and John politely and respectfully disobeyed the authority placed over them in this incident when they are commanded not to preach or teach any longer ‘in the name of Jesus’, for they knew that when obeying man’s laws would cause them to break one of God’s commandments they must obey God and not man.

 

11.1.3.Peter and John had been commanded by Jesus in His Great Commission to preach the gospel to all creation, and therefore they knew that they must obey God rather than man in disobeying this command by the Sanhedrin to cease speaking out the gospel message of Jesus Christ.

 

11.1.3.1.As Peter and John and the rest of this multitude of believers, we Christians must occasionally disobey our governing authorities because the authority and commandments of God are preemptory.  Especially when it comes to the preaching of the gospel, we must obey God and preach the gospel even if doing so means that we shall suffer persecution. 

 

11.2.    If we Christians will but ask God in faith for the filling of the Holy Spirit so that we can confidently and effectively share the gospel message as He has commissioned us, then He will likewise give boldness for ministry as He did to Peter and John.  We too will have boldness in the face even of our fiercest opponents.

 

12.            VS 4:21-22  - Acts 4:21-22 21 And when they had threatened them further, they let them go finding no basis on which they might punish them on account of the people, because they were all glorifying God for what had happened; 22 for the man was more than forty years old on whom this miracle of healing had been performed. (NASB) -  The Sanhedrin threaten Peter and John and release them since they really had no charges which they could bring against them

 

12.1.    The reason for the Sadducees not severely punishing Peter and John was primarily because there were now so many people who were believing the gospel message as preached by Peter.

 

12.2.    The people of that day believed that if a person was over forty years old, that there really was no hope for him to be healed or to have any different station than that which he presently held, and therefore the Pharisees couldn’t discount the miracle performed at the hand of Peter and John.

 

13.            In conclusion I’d like to use the example of a young man named Gideon, who learned what it meant to be bold and courageous in His faith and to trust in His God.  He was a young man who decided to take a stand for the Lord regardless of the consequences.  In Judges 7:1-18, we see Gideon obeying the Lord and coming to fight against a much superior army than his army of 32,000.  The Lord told Gideon to strip down the army to a mere 300 men in order to conquer the Midianites, and the method which the Lord told Gideon to use was totally unconventional.  However, God gave a great victory to Gideon as He does to all of us who will trust in Him and ask God for the boldness to go out and fight the battles that the Lord wants us to fight:  Judges 7:1-18:  7:1 Then Jerubbaal (that is, Gideon) and all the people who were with him, rose early and camped beside the spring of Harod; and the camp of Midian was on the north side of them by the hill of Moreh in the valley.  2 And the Lord said to Gideon, “The people who are with you are too many for Me to give Midian into their hands, lest Israel become boastful, saying, ‘My own power has delivered me.’ 3 “Now therefore come, proclaim in the hearing of the people, saying, ‘Whoever is afraid and trembling, let him return and depart from Mount Gilead.’” So 22,000 people returned, but 10,000 remained.  4 Then the Lord said to Gideon, “The people are still too many; bring them down to the water and I will test them for you there. Therefore it shall be that he of whom I say to you, ‘This one shall go with you,’ he shall go with you; but everyone of whom I say to you, ‘This one shall not go with you,’ he shall not go.” 5 So he brought the people down to the water. And the Lord said to Gideon, “You shall separate everyone who laps the water with his tongue, as a dog laps, as well as everyone who kneels to drink.” 6 Now the number of those who lapped, putting their hand to their mouth, was 300 men; but all the rest of the people kneeled to drink water. 7 And the Lord said to Gideon, “I will deliver you with the 300 men who lapped and will give the Midianites into your hands; so let all the other people go, each man to his home.” 8 So the 300 men took the people’s provisions and their trumpets into their hands. And Gideon sent all the other men of Israel, each to his tent, but retained the 300 men; and the camp of Midian was below him in the valley.  9 Now the same night it came about that the Lord said to him, “Arise, go down against the camp, for I have given it into your hands. 10 “But if you are afraid to go down, go with Purah your servant down to the camp, 11 and you will hear what they say; and afterward your hands will be strengthened that you may go down against the camp.” So he went with Purah his servant down to the outposts of the army that was in the camp. 12 Now the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the sons of the east were lying in the valley as numerous as locusts; and their camels were without number, as numerous as the sand on the seashore. 13 When Gideon came, behold, a man was relating a dream to his friend. And he said, “Behold, I had a dream; a loaf of barley bread was tumbling into the camp of Midian, and it came to the tent and struck it so that it fell, and turned it upside down so that the tent lay flat.” 14 And his friend answered and said, “This is nothing less than the sword of Gideon the son of Joash, a man of Israel; God has given Midian and all the camp into his hand.”  15 And it came about when Gideon heard the account of the dream and its interpretation, that he bowed in worship. He returned to the camp of Israel and said, “Arise, for the Lord has given the camp of Midian into your hands.” 16 And he divided the 300 men into three companies, and he put trumpets and empty pitchers into the hands of all of them, with torches inside the pitchers. 17 And he said to them, “Look at me, and do likewise. And behold, when I come to the outskirts of the camp, do as I do. 18 “When I and all who are with me blow the trumpet, then you also blow the trumpets all around the camp, and say, ‘For the Lord and for Gideon’””.

 

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