ACTS CHAPTER 21:15-29,
“Separating Spiritual From Cultural
By
Jim Bomkamp
1.
INTRO:
1.1.
In our last study, we saw
Paul traveling from Miletus and making his way by sea south through the
Mediterranean towards Palestine
1.1.1.
Paul finally ended up
landing in
1.1.1.1.As Paul met with the church, he explained to them that he was heading
towards
1.1.1.2.The brethren there at Tyre began to tell him
through the Spirit that he should not go to Jerusalem
1.1.1.2.1.We looked at whether Paul was outside of God’s will in going to
Jerusalem since these brethren were telling him through the Spirit not to go,
and we saw that from what we know of Paul and from what God had already told
him of His plans for him, that it must have been the case that what God was
doing through these brethren was again leading Paul to that place to where he
must count the cost of what it would involve in being Christ’s disciple and
following Him
1.1.1.2.1.1.Had not Paul again counted the cost of his obedience and following
Christ he might have failed the severe testing that was to befall him
1.1.1.2.1.2.God had great plans for Paul, for Paul would now go and share the
gospel with the highest rulers of the land, even Caesar himself, however he
would go as the prisoner of the Lord
1.1.1.2.1.2.1.I believe also that Paul’s most fruitful ministry was actually
performed while he was in prison writing his prison epistles, and had he not
been willing to go to Jerusalem he would not have been arrested and thus stayed
in one place long enough to write those letters
1.1.1.3.When Paul got to Caesarea we saw that Agabus,
a bonified prophet in the early church, told him that
he would be bound when he went to Jerusalem
1.1.1.3.1.We saw that the brethren, including even Paul’s own traveling
companions were begging and pleading with him not to go to Jerusalem because he
would be persecuted, however Paul was not a man to be persuaded by human
emotion or ‘human sympathy’, for his only goal was to finish the course that
the Lord had laid out for him
1.1.1.3.1.1.We saw that we Christians must be careful not to react out of ‘human
sympathy’ for others, including our own children, for then we might hinder them
from fulfilling God’s calling in their lives
1.1.1.3.1.2.As Christians, one of the things that we must learn to work through is
gaining discernment as to when others are seeking to lead us through ‘human
sympathy’ or human motives of any kind.
We must learn to discern the voice of God as He leads us
1.2.
In our study today, we are
going to look at the events that occured when Paul
got to
1.2.1.
Paul first meets with the
church leaders, and they tell him that many of the brethren in the church are
very zealous for the law and that these brethren would have a problem with Paul
for they have heard of him that wherever he goes in the world and preaches he
does not follow the Law of Moses any longer
1.2.2.
The church leaders then
council Paul to go with four men and complete a Nazarite
vow with them so that the people will think that Paul really keeps the Law as a
Jew
1.2.3.
This plan fails when some
Jews from Asia recognize him as the man who was teaching Jews and Gentiles that
they did not need to keep the Law anymore for Christ had set aside the Old
Covenant, and then this group incites a mob of Jews which begin to beat Paul
1.2.4.
Paul is saved through the
intervention of a Roman commander
1.2.5.
Luke chose to go into quite
a bit of detail in describing to us this incident of Paul’s arrival in
Jerusalem and of the things that occurred at that time, and I think that above
all what he was trying to convey in recounting this was the friction and
difficulty getting along that occurred at this time between those who were
saved of the Gentiles and of the Jews
1.2.5.1.The two groups were on such a collision course at this point in time
that I believe that it is only because of the miraculous intervention of God
that today there are not two distinct religions of those who believe in Jesus
as the Messiah. This would have had a
devastating effect upon history had a total split occurred in the church
1.2.5.2.What we are going to look at primarily in this message today is how
that we Christians must learn to distinguish and separate the spiritual from
the cultural aspects of things in our lives
2.
VS 21:15-16 - “15 And after these days we got
ready and started on our way up to
2.1.
Paul and his
traveling companions began their journey to
2.1.1.
We Christians
ought to have great respect for those who have walked faithfully with the Lord
for many years.
3.
VS 21:17-18 - “17 And when we had come to
3.1.
The very next
day after arriving in
3.1.1.
It is
believed that James probably did not believe in Christ until after Christ raised from the dead when according to 1 Cor. 15, Jesus
appeared to him in His resurrected form.
3.1.1.1.After this time, it appears that rather rapidly that
James came to be considered as one of the prime leaders in the church in
3.1.2.
James was
very much a Jew in every respect, and the book which he wrote is one of the
earliest books in the New Testament, and it is extremely Jewish in nature.
3.1.3.
James was
called, ‘James the Just’, and he was respected by all Jews, Christian and
non-Christian. Tradition has held that
years later he was confronted by the Pharisees and forced to deny Christ or be
pushed off of the pinnacle of the temple, and refusing to deny Christ, they
pushed him off. However, he didn’t die
upon impact and thus as he was laying on the ground
they crushed his skull with a Fuller’s Paddle (similar to a squash paddle).
3.1.4.
James was a
man who spent so many hours daily upon his knees in the temple praying for the
nation to turn to Christ, that they said that his knees looked like camel’s
knees.
3.2.
It is
important to note that none of the twelve apostles are mentioned in this
account of the trip to
3.3.
It is
incredible at first for us to notice that throughout all of these years since
the church had been formed, and in spite of all that the gospel had accomplished
among the Gentiles, that the people in the church in
3.3.1.
The church in
3.3.2.
They had
taught Gentile converts to be circumcised and to begin to observe the law of Moses.
3.3.2.1.They had continued these practices in the church in
3.3.3.
These
practices had continued in spite of the fact that the church leaders had surely
by this time read Paul’s letter to the Galatians, which we believe he had
penned by now. In this letter Paul
blasted those who thought that they could earn God’s love through works.
3.3.4.
I do not
think that the church leaders in
3.3.5.
With the
church’s emphasis on the Law of Moses, there were multitudes in the
3.4.
We today
probably cannot grasp the idea of how difficult it must have been for the
3.5.
As I have done some traveling to different countries, I have observed
that Christianity takes on different flavors in each culture in which it is
reproduced. In each of the different
cultures into which Christianity goes, there is a tendency to wrap their
particular culture into their Christianity and to believe that things which are
really just cultural are essential for true spirituality, or even salvation
itself in some cases.
3.5.1.
When I went to Japan several years ago, for instance, I learned that
their culture has some very interesting carryovers into their church life. Whenever you enter a house in
3.5.1.1.The year before I went to
3.5.2.
If you visited a committed family’s house in
3.5.3.
I came to Christ in January of 1973 as one of the drug-taking hippie
generation, and I had the long hair and wore the hippie clothes. At that time, in every at
church I’d ever been aware of, the men wore a suit and tie and the women
dressed in very formal dresses that went to the ankles. For any of the leg on the women to show was
considered a disgrace. Many of the
churches didn’t want any of us converted hippies to go to their churches
because it would ruin their reputations, and then most of the churches that did
allow us to come put a lot of pressure on us to cut our hair, quit listening to
any rock music at all, and to wear formal clothes to church. If we did all that, they would perhaps
consider us to be legitimate Christians.
3.5.3.1.In my home town, this was
the way all of the churches were when I came to Christ, and as a result I
didn’t even go to a church for almost a year and a half after committing my
life to Christ. As I looked at the
external appearances of the people that went to the churches, I just couldn’t
relate to them at all. In fact, I felt
sort of looked down upon as a believer by all of the churches just because of
my external appearance. I finally did
start going to a denominational church after being invited by a friend and the
church welcomed me and encouraged me to be a part of their fellowship, however
they did put pressure on me telling me that if I was really spiritual I would
cut my hair, burn all of my rock and roll albums, sell my electric guitars and
amps, and fit into their church culture.
I even had to be re-baptized by their denomination in order to become a
member of the church. I went along with
their rules, and to be honest I actually am glad that I did so because that
church was really my only hope of getting out of a lifestyle that had almost
destroyed me. However, it would have
been better for them to just let God work on my heart, work from the inside
out, instead of lay this thing on me about what being really spiritual
consisted of.
3.5.4.
The first Calvary Chapel began in 1965 when Chuck and Kay Smith began to
minister to the hippies down on the beaches in southern
3.6.
These Jews held onto their legalism along with their relationship with
Christ, and legalism is about rule keeping and keeping a big list of ‘dos’ and
‘don’ts’, and they felt like the only way that they could quantify their
relationship with God was by keeping their lists. Pastor Ken Ortiz has said that the reason
that there are legalists is that people want God to be predictable.
3.6.1.
It is usually the case it seems with new Christians that they go through
a period where they tend to get legalistic.
However, God has a way of placing us in situations where He becomes
unpredictable and where also we end up failing over and over again to keep the
high standards and rule lists that we make for ourselves. Finally, we find ourselves discovering yet
again the grace of God for us as we end up falling prostrate before Him as we
recognize our own inability in our strength to be holy. Then, we quit trying to impose legalistic
standards upon ourselves and others.
3.7.
We in the
church today need to learn from these Jewish and Gentile Christians, and be
willing to accept other believers into fellowship with us, even if they happen
to believe a little bit different than we do about some insignificant issues.
3.7.1.
We need to
recognize that the Lord can work through a Christian group that believes and
practices many things much different than we do, and we ought to have
tremendous respect for that work which God is doing through these other
churches.
3.7.1.1.God used this church in
3.7.2.
We need to also recognize that there are going to be people within our
own fellowship who will perhaps believe some things a little bit differently
than we do, or who measure spirituality a little bit differently than perhaps
we do. But, as long as we can agree on
the essential things in Christianity we can have fellowship with them as
brothers and sisters in Christ.
3.7.3.
We must never
have a divisive or back-biting attitude towards people from these diverse
denominational backgrounds.
4.
VS 21:19-21 - “19 And
after he had greeted them, he began to relate one by one the things which God
had done among the Gentiles through his ministry. 20 And when they heard it
they began glorifying God; and they said to him, “You see, brother, how many
thousands there are among the Jews of those who have believed, and they are all
zealous for the Law; 21 and they have been told about you, that you are
teaching all the Jews who are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, telling them
not to circumcise their children nor to walk according to the customs.” - Paul tells
the church council about the great things that God was doing amongst the
Gentiles with the churches that had been planted
4.1.
Paul was wise
in immediately beginning to tell James and the elders what great things the
Lord had done through his ministry to the Gentiles. Upon hearing of these things, they ‘praised
God’. The testimony of how God had
worked among the Gentiles provided the light that was beginning to dawn in the
lives of these elders in Jerusalem concerning all people being one in Christ
and justification by faith alone.
4.2.
James related
to Paul and his companions how that they had ‘many thousand’ Jewish Christians
in the church, all of which were ‘zealous for the law’.
4.2.1.
James told
them that this multitude of Jewish Christians had heard that Paul taught ‘all
the Jews who live among the Gentiles to turn away from Moses, telling them not
to circumcise their children or live according to our customs’.
4.2.2.
What James
told Paul about what the people believed that Paul had been doing was true for
the most part, however Paul emphasized to the Jewish believers primarily that
observance of Jewish customs was OK as long as a person did not seek to carry
out the law in order to be justified before God.
4.3.
There is an
interesting incidence related by Paul in the book of Galatians, Gal. 2:11-14,
where Paul confronted Peter about his hypocrisy in avoiding eating with the
Gentiles in Antioch after some Jews from Jerusalem had shown up in
Antioch. Before that, Peter had eaten
with them all of the time.
4.3.1.
Peter was
rebuked for his hypocrisy, since he was trying to act to these Jewish believers
as if he was truly living according to the letter of the Mosaic Law, when in
fact he had not been doing so.
4.3.2.
The worst
part of the incident is the fact that it points out the hatred and prejudice
that the Jews had for the Gentiles, in spite of the fact that these ones in
4.3.3.
These
cultural barriers between Jew and Gentile took centuries to bring down in
reality, and in fact we see sometimes that even today they are still
alive. Due to these deep-seated
prejudices between Jew and Gentile, it is amazing today that there is not a
Jewish Christianity and a Gentile Christianity.
4.4.
Paul had
previously come to
4.5.
Paul not only
wanted to win the lost to Christ, but he also had the burden everywhere he went
to share the mystery of the gospel, that all men and women are one in Christ,
as he wrote in Eph. 3:4-6, “And by referring to this, when you
read you can understand my insight into the mystery of Christ, 5 which in other
generations was not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed
to His holy apostles and prophets in the Spirit; 6 to be specific, that the Gentiles are fellow heirs and fellow
members of the body, and fellow partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus
through the gospel.”
4.6.
We Christians
of all eras must be careful not to seek to force our opinions about things
which are not essential in importance upon others who do not share them. As we see how these Jewish and Gentile
Christians were able to accept each other, we need to be careful also not to
seek to force our own cultural traditions which are not essential to
Christianity upon those Christians of different cultures and persuasions.
4.6.1.
It used to be the case that everywhere American missionaries went they
not only taught the people about the Bible and Christ, they also enforced their
culture upon the people. This greatly
hindered reaching the world for Christ.
In the last thirty years mission boards have begun to realize the importance
of not imposing American culture on people all over the world.
4.6.2.
It was OK
that these Jewish brethren practiced certain Jewish rites, however since these
things were not essential for Christian living, these brethren should not have
sought to force upon everyone else their own convictions about these
things. People often do force upon
others their own convictions though.
4.6.2.1.For instance, I know of a Christian couple who believe
that because of the temptations to immoral thoughts in men, women should dress
so modestly that virtually none of their skin below the neck or above the
ankles is ever seen.
4.6.2.1.1.This conviction is fine for them,
however they have erred by trying to force all Christian women to dress in the
same manner.
4.6.2.1.2.If the Bible does not specifically forbid an action as
sinful, then we as Christians may have our own convictions, however we should
not seek to force these convictions upon everyone else.
4.6.2.2.Another example would be the churches that refuse to
fellowship with other Christian churches who worship God with a different style
of music than they choose to worship God.
4.7.
VS 21:22-26 - “22 “What, then, is to be done?
They will certainly hear that you have come. 23 “Therefore do this that we tell
you. We have four men who are under a vow; 24 take them and purify yourself
along with them, and pay their expenses in order that they may shave their
heads; and all will know that there is nothing to the things which they have
been told about you, but that you yourself also walk orderly, keeping the Law.
25 “But concerning the Gentiles who have believed, we wrote, having decided
that they should abstain from meat sacrificed to idols and from blood and from
what is strangled and from fornication.” 26 Then Paul took the men, and the
next day, purifying himself along with them, went into the temple, giving
notice of the completion of the days of purification, until the sacrifice was
offered for each one of them.” - The
leaders of the church in Jerusalem council Paul to avoid offending the brethren
zealous for keeping the law by taking four brethren who were under a vow, and
go with them, purify himself along them, pay their expenses, and then shave
their heads
4.7.1.
James and the
elders in
4.7.1.1.When a Jew would take on a Nazarite
Vow, it was so that he could demonstrate a particularly great amount of
devotion to the Lord through this vow.
The Law of Moses prescribed requirements for one who took on a Nazarite Vow, and these included not cutting their hair,
letting their side burns grow without being cut, certain dietary requirements,
and not drinking alcohol at all. Then,
when a person wanted to go off of the vow the Law also prescribed a large
number of sacrifices that the person had to complete to end it. These sacrifices were very expensive and thus
some people were not able to end their vow.
Some people however would demonstrate their devotion to the Lord by
paying the cost for all of the animals that would be sacrificed in order that
someone could complete his Nazarite Vow. Well, the church in
4.7.2.
The reason
for Paul doing what the leaders counseled him is given in these verses as, ‘all
will know that there is nothing to the things which they have been told about
you, but that you yourself also walk orderly, keeping the Law’.
4.7.2.1.However, the apostle Paul did not keep the letter of
the Old Testament law, therefore they were asking him to be hypocritical and
make an appearance that he was living as a Jew under the law, when in effect he
was not.
4.8.
The question
that we have to ask is first of all whether or not he was compromising his
faith in taking the leaders council here? And secondly, was the Lord leading him to do
this?
4.8.1.
To the first
question, I think that Paul was compromising his faith, however he was doing so
out of love and thus for the purpose of expediency, that he might “be all
things to all men and thereby win the more”.
4.8.2.
My answer to
the second question is that Paul was doing what God wanted him to do in this
situation, as he was trying to doing something which would keep his brothers in
Christ from stumbling. In love He was
trying to limit his own freedom in order to not offend these brothers who were
legalistic.
4.9.
The end
result of Paul’s action was that the solution proposed by James and the elders
in Jerusalem failed since a big mob formed after some Jews who were from Asia
recognized Paul as the man who was going all over the world and teaching that
people could be justified before God just upon their faith in Christ, plus
nothing. This led then to Paul’s being
arrested.
4.10.
We must
remember that the Lord worked through Paul’s life from this point on,
regardless of the fact that their plan failed miserably. It was all part of God’s plan for Paul.
4.11.
Jesus was a
man who was known for hanging around sinners and tax gatherers. He went to their houses and ate with them,
and he reached out in love and compassion to them. As a result, many of them came to believe in
Him. However, He did so without ever
compromising a principle.
4.11.1.We Christians must come to that place where we are
“living in this world” (i.e. not separating ourselves from sinners), however
“not of the world” (i.e. not living in the sinful lifestyle that those in the
world are living in).
5.
VS 21:27-29 - “27
And when the seven days were almost over, the Jews from Asia, upon seeing him
in the temple, began to stir up all the multitude and laid hands on him, 28
crying out, “Men of Israel, come to our aid! This is the man who preaches to
all men everywhere against our people, and the Law, and this place; and besides
he has even brought Greeks into the temple and has defiled this holy place.” 29
For they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian in the city with him, and they supposed that Paul
had brought him into the temple.” -
Some Jews from
5.1.
The plan of
James and the elders seemed to almost succeed, however some Jews from
5.2.
Next week we
will look at what occurred after this plan by James and the elders failed.
5.2.1.
We will
observe the incredible strength that Paul had in Christ.
6.
CONCLUSION:
6.1.
There are
tremendous needs in our world today, and there are many people who have
tremendous emotional pain in their lives.
We Christians should stop worrying about so many trivial and petty
issues such as who is living up to our own legalistic standards we have
set. People need us to point them to the
love of Jesus, for people need Jesus in their lives. We need to have the love of God so work
through our lives that we aren’t concerned about what others are doing so much
but rather how we might reach out to others with the love of God.
6.1.1.
In His
book, ‘The Tender Touch of God”, Mike Macintosh tells a story that I believe
demonstrates what real Christianity ought to be mostly concerned with. It’s the story of Teddy Stollard,
“Teddy Stollard was disinterested in school. His clothes were wrinkled, and his hair was
always messed up. Teddy always wore a
deadpan expression, a glassy-eyed countenance, an unfocused stare. He was unattractive, unmotivated, and
uncommunicative. When his teacher, Miss
Thompson, spoke to him, Teddy always answered in monosyllables. He was just plain hard to like. Even though his teacher said she loved
everyone in her class equally, deep down inside she knew she wasn’t being
completely truthful. Whenever she marked
Teddy’s papers, she got a certain pleasure out of putting X’s next to the wrong
answers; and when she put the F’s at the
top of his papers, she always did it with a flare. She should have known better. She had Teddy’s records, and she knew more
about him than she wanted to admit. The
records read: First grade: Teddy shows promise with his work and
attitude, but poor home situation.
Second grade: Teddy could do
better. Mother is seriously ill. He receives little help at home. Third grade:
Teddy is a good boy but too serious.
He is a slow learner. His mother
died this year. Fourth grade: Teddy is very slow, but well-behaved. His father shows no interest. Christmas came, and the boys and girls in
Miss Thompson’s class brought her Christmas presents. They piled their presents on her desk and
crowded around to watch her open them.
Among the presents was gift from Teddy Stoddard. Miss Thompson was surprised that he had bought
her a gift, but he had. Teddy’s gift was
wrapped in brown paper and was held together with Scotch tape. On the paper were written the simple words,
“For Miss Thompson from Teddy”. When she
opened Teddy’s present, out fell a gaudy rhinestone bracelet (with half the
stones missing) and a bottle of cheap perfume.
The other boys and girls began to giggle and smirk over Teddy’s gifts,
but Miss Thompson at least had enough sense to silence them by immediately
putting on the bracelet and dabbing some of the perfume on her wrist. Holding her wrist up for the other children
to smell, she said, “Doesn’t it smell lovely?”
And the children, taking their cue from the teacher, readily agreed
with, “Ooh’s” and “Ah’s.” At the end of the day, when school was over and
the other children had left, Teddy lingered behind. He slowly came over to his teacher’s desk and
said softly, “Miss Thompson…Miss Thompson, you smell just like my mother…and
her bracelet looks real pretty on you too.
I’m glad you liked my presents.” When Teddy left, Miss Thompson got down on her
knees and asked God to forgive her. The
next day when the children came to school, they were welcomed by a new teacher. Miss Thompson had become a different
person. She was no longer just a teacher, she had become an agent of God. She was now a person committed to loving her
children and doing things for them that would live on after her. She helped all the children, but especially
Teddy Stallard.
By the end of that school year, Teddy showed dramatic improvement. He had caught up with most of the students
and was even ahead of some. She didn’t
hear from Teddy for a long time. Then
one day she receive a note that read:
Dear Miss Thompson: I wanted you
to be the first to know. I will be
graduating second in my class. Love,
Teddy Stollard.
Four years later, another note came:
Dear Miss Thompson, they told me I will be graduating first in my
class. I wanted you to be the first to
know. The university has not been easy,
but I liked it. Love, Teddy Stollard. And four
years later another note: Dear Miss
Thompson: As of today, I am Theodore Stollard, M.D. How
about that? I wanted you to be the first
to know. I am getting married next
month, the 27th to be exact.
I want you to come and sit where my mother would sit if she were
alive. You are the only family I have
now; Dad died
last year. Love, Teddy Stollard. Miss
Thompson went to that wedding, and she sat where
Teddy’s mother would have sat. That
story almost says it all, don’t you think?
Without friends, the Teddy Stollards of this
world would get left behind.”