Rom. 10:1-11 “Paul Explains How That Salvation Is Not By Working But By Confessing Jesus As Lord And Believing In Jesus’ Resurrection

 

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.     INTRO:

 

1.1.                     In our last study, we looked at verses 17-33 of chapter 9.

 

1.1.1.  In our last two studies we mentioned the fact that it is startling to see how that chapters 9-11 which deal with Israel follow Paul’s discussion of the essential doctrines of the Christian religion.  Yet, when we look closer we see that the placement of chapters 9-11 makes perfect sense because we Gentiles and Jews alike need a proper understanding of God’s plans for both Israel and the church.   

 

1.1.2.  We continued our discussion of the election of the believer in that study. 

 

1.1.3.  We looked in our last study at God’s choosing of Israel to be His people, and we read many of the promises made to Israel. 

 

1.1.4.  We also looked at that theological term called “Dispensationalism” and noted that there had been distinct covenants that God has entered into with people over time.  We saw that a “covenant” is an agreement that contains commitments and promises made between two different people, or in the case of theology between God and men. 

 

1.1.5.  We saw that on the basis of the covenants made by God to the nation of Israel, that God has a distinct plan in the future for both the church as well as the nation of Israel.

 

1.2.                     In our study today, we are going to look at verses 1-11 of chapter 10.

 

1.2.1.  In the previous chapter, we saw how that Paul sought out to meet as many objections to Christianity that the Jews might have, as well as to answer as many questions that they might have.

 

1.2.2.  WE ALSO SAW WHAT Some of the questions the Jews may have asked are: 

 

1.2.2.1.      Well, you’ve presented the gospel of grace and written that “whosoever” believes in Jesus Christ for salvation shall be saved, however how is it that the Gentiles are now allowed to have salvation? 

 

1.2.2.2.      Does the gospel that you’ve presented include the Jews? 

 

1.2.2.3.      Has God rejected the Jews today? 

 

1.2.2.4.      How is a Jew to be saved today? 

 

1.2.2.5.      What happened to the promises which God made to the Jews in the Old Testament? 

 

1.2.2.6.      How can God be considered to be faithful to keep His Word if He isn’t today keeping those promises? 

 

1.2.2.7.      Is God then just if He has rejected the Jews and is not longer keeping His promises made to them? 

 

1.2.2.8.      What are God’s plans for the Jews in the future? 

 

1.2.2.9.      If God is allowing the Gentiles as well as the Jews into the kingdom in the church age today, what shall be their relative positions in His future kingdom when He returns?

 

1.2.3.  Paul’s answers to the Jews involved the fact that God is sovereign, and thus that He can and will do whatever it is that He wants to do, and, He has chosen the means of salvation to be through Jesus Christ.  Likewise, He has allowed in the Gentiles to be saved through faith in Christ.

 

1.2.4.  We saw how that the Old Testament scriptures reveal that not everyone who is descended from Abraham automatically inherited salvation, but rather it was always the remnant that the Lord chose to salvation.

 

1.2.5.  We saw how that the Old Testament stories of God’s choice of Isaac as well as the choice of Jacob reveal that God is sovereign and that He chooses those who will be saved.

 

1.2.6.  We saw also how that the Old Testament prophets prophesied the day to come when the Gentiles would be allowed into His Kingdom during the times of the Messiah.

 

1.2.7.  We saw also that the Bible Exposition Commentary includes the following about the shift that happens in the latter part of chapter 9 in Paul’s discussion of Israel and why they were presently being rejected by God, “Paul moved next from divine sovereignty to human responsibility. Note that Paul did not say “elect” and “nonelect,” but rather emphasized faith. Here is a paradox: the Jews sought for righteousness but did not find it, while the Gentiles, who were not searching for it, found it! The reason? Israel tried to be saved by works and not by faith. They rejected “grace righteousness” and tried to please God with “Law righteousness.” The Jews thought that the Gentiles had to come up to Israel’s level to be saved; when actually the Jews had to go down to the level of the Gentiles to be saved. “For there is no difference: for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God” (Rom. 3:22–23). Instead of permitting their religious privileges (Rom. 9:1–5) to lead them to Christ, they used these privileges as a substitute for Christ.”

 

1.2.8.  Chapter 9 of the book of Romans dealt with God’s previous choosing of Israel to be His people.  The theme of Chapter 10 of the book of Romans is God’s present rejection of Israel.  Chapter 12 deals with God’s future restoration of Israel.  The outline of chapter 10 of the book of Romans is the following :

 

1.2.8.1.      They have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.

 

1.2.8.2.      They sought to establish their own righteousness.

 

1.2.8.3.      They will be saved in just the same way as any other person.

 

1.2.8.4.      The Old Testament Scriptures predicted they would reject their Messiah.

 

1.2.8.5.      They had the chance to believe the gospel:  the gospel has gone out to all the world.

 

1.2.8.6.      They have always been a rebellious and obstinate people.

 

2.     VS 10:1  - 10:1 Brethren, my heart’s desire and my prayer to God for them is for their salvation.  -  Paul states here that his heart’s desire and prayer is for the salvation of his Jewish brethren

 

2.1.                     As Paul did at the beginning of chapter 9, he again affirms the great love which he had for his own people, the Jews.  He tells them that his ‘hearts desire’ is for them, indicating the depth of his love for them.

 

2.2.                     Paul also tells them that he had been praying for them, and specifically he was praying that they would come to salvation.

 

2.3.                     As was mentioned in the previous chapter, if we will pray for people, we too will have a great burden for them to come to know the Lord, as did Paul for the Jews.  God wants to place a burden in our hearts for those who do not know Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior since He loves the world so much that He sent His only begotten Son so that they might be saved.

 

3.     VS 10:2  - 2 For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not in accordance with knowledge. -  Paul tells us that though the Jews have a zeal for God that their zeal is not according to knowledge

 

3.1.                     The Jews had the greatest of zeal for the Lord, however they saw the Law as providing for them a stairway by which they might ascend up to heaven.  In their keeping of the Law they sought to establish their own righteousness, something which the Law was not able to provide for them.  The Law was never intended to be a means of establishing one’s own righteousness, rather its function in men’s lives is actually the opposite.  The Law is there to show us that we cannot keep it, and that if we do want to be made right with God, it will have to be only because of God’s mercy and grace.

 

3.2.                     That zeal for God Paul referred to lives on in many communities of the Jews today.  Orthodox Judaism is extremely zealous.  Chaim Potok has written of it in his novels of Jewish life.  He writes that you can see it on the street of Brooklyn and in the Jerusalem neighborhood called Mea Shearim:  Long black coats, side curls, scull caps, At the Western Wall; phylacteries; bobbing and bar mitzvahs.

 

3.3.                     Many in the world today have misguided zeal.  They desire and attempt to know the Lord but they go about it in the wrong way.  CC pastor Lance Ralston writes, “May I say, that there are many very zealous people in the church today, however their zeal is not according to knowledge.  There are many today who are having profound and intense spiritual  experiences, and they conclude that because they are taking place in church, and because they are promoted and endorsed by their pastors, that they are from God.  But they are not!  It’s sad to say, but largely true, that the Church of today is a ready parallel to the Jews of Paul's day.  There is much religious zeal, but little knowledge of God.  There are a lot of programs and activity.  There is a lot of motion and movement.  There is a lot of talk and action, but there is precious little real commitment to seek the Lord in the way He has proscribed.”

 

3.4.                     We in the church today must get back to God’s Word, seek to know it thoroughly, and be people of God’s Word, for only when we align ourselves properly with His Word shall we be able to receive salvation through Jesus Christ.  Trying to know God outside the bounds that His word lays out will just result in offending the Lord.

 

4.     VS 10:3  - 3 For not knowing about God’s righteousness, and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God. -  Paul tells us that the Jews did not truly understand God’s righteousness and thus they sought to establish their own righteousness and did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God

 

4.1.                     This verse describes where the Jews went wrong.  They really are not any different than the rest of the people of the world.  Religion is man’s attempt to reach God, and in man’s religions he is seeking to establish his own righteousness before God, seeking by works to become acceptable in God’s sight.  However, as is the case with all of man’s religions, including that of the Jews, people fail to know God because we have all sinned and fallen short of the glory of God.  Our sin separates us from the Lord and it is only through the way in which God has designed, that is, through faith in Jesus and what He did upon Calvary’s cross in paying our debt of sin, that we can be saved.

 

4.2.                     Sinful men cannot be saved because of their sin separating them from God, for as Paul states here, they have not subjected ‘themselves to the righteousness of God.’  God is totally holy and righteous and to know Him a person must be made righteous enough to be in His presence, however that can on occur through faith in Christ.  Our faith in Christ is reckoned to us as righteousness by God, as Paul has already written.  The only righteousness that a man or woman shall ever have before God is that which is “imputed” to Him through Jesus Christ, and through Jesus Christ this righteousness can be “imputed” to men and women because Jesus perfectly satisfied God’s full demand of a righteous sacrifice needed to pay the full debt incurred by man’s sins.

 

4.3.                     Do you realize today that you can only be saved by meeting God on the terms which He has laid out?  Have you come to Christ and believed on Him and what He accomplished for the payment of your sins?  Nothing else will get you into God’s presence, for otherwise the sin issue will forever separate you from God. 

 

4.4.                     Also, you must give up your own efforts and works to try to reach God, that which we call religion, because only by coming to God’s terms shall man ever come to know God and be on favorable terms with Him.

 

5.     VS 10:4  - 4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes. -  Paul tells us that Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes

 

5.1.                     This verse has been interpreted in  a variety of ways. 

 

5.1.1.  Some have said that ‘Christ is the end’ in that if a person is living a righteous life, he will be like Christ. 

 

5.1.2.  Others have said that ‘Christ is the end’ means that we ought to seek to be like Christ in order to be righteous. 

 

5.1.3.  However, from the context and the words themselves this passages seems to mean that “what Christ has done for us is to satisfy God’s righteousness which then qualified Him to be the perfect sacrifice needed to pay our sin debt, and, therefore by placing our faith in Christ, His righteousness can be imputed to us.” 

 

5.1.3.1.      We have already noted a few times in this book that in order for man to be able to come into relationship with God, God’s ‘righteousness’ must first be satisfied.  Man is currently separated from God because of his sin, therefore when a man or woman believes in Christ, his ‘faith is reckoned as righteousness,’ and because God’s righteousness is fully and completely satisfied in what Christ did for man, believing man can now have relationship and favorable discourse with God just as if he had never sinned before (this is what the Bible calls “justification”). 

 

5.1.3.2.      In this way, ‘Christ is the end of the Law.’

 

5.2.                     We as Christians must realize that even now that we are saved we need to give up all effort to try to establish our own righteousness before God since Christ is the end of righteousness for us.  We must depend completely upon the completed work of Christ for our righteousness, we must never try now by our works to somehow become pleasing to God.  The only righteousness we shall ever have shall be by faith, imputed to us from Christ.  We need to accept that we shall never be able to improve our standing since having Christ’s righteousness imputed to us is as good as it could ever get.

 

6.     VS 10:5  - 5 For Moses writes that the man who practices the righteousness which is based on law shall live by that righteousness. -  Paul tells us here that Moses wrote that the man who practices the righteousness that is based upon law must live by that righteousness

 

6.1.                     Some have interpreted this verse as simply saying that if a person under the Old Covenant were to be accepted before God, then he must be serious about trying to keep the Laws of God in order to be considered righteous by God.  This is a true statement for those who are living under the old covenant, just as Ezekiel wrote about in Ez. 20:11,13,21, “11 “And I gave them My statutes and informed them of My ordinances, by which, if a man observes them, he will live. 13 “But the house of Israel rebelled against Me in the wilderness. They did not walk in My statutes, and they rejected My ordinances, by which, if a man observes them, he will live; and My sabbaths they greatly profaned. Then I resolved to pour out My wrath on them in the wilderness, to annihilate them. 21 “But the children rebelled against Me; they did not walk in My statutes, nor were they careful to observe My ordinances, by which, if a man observes them, he will live; they profaned My sabbaths. So I resolved to pour out My wrath on them, to accomplish My anger against them in the wilderness.”

 

6.2.                     If a person is to live his life by trying to live under the Law of Moses, then he must realize that this covenant does not provide a “Cafeteria Plan” where you pick and choose what you want to keep.  The person attempting to live under the Old Covenant must keep every single one of God’s Laws if he is to try to be pleasing to God.

 

6.2.1.  The thing that a person who tries to conscientiously keep the Law of Moses will realize is that no matter how hard he tries he fails to keep that law and falls short.  Thus, the Law was meant to be our tutor to lead us to Christ so that we can be saved through the mercy and grace of God, and by believing in Jesus Christ.

 

6.3.                     However, from the context, I think that in this verse that what Paul is writing about is a compliment to what he wrote in the previous verse.  In the previous verse, Paul wrote that “Christ is the end of the Law,” and this is because when a person places his faith in Christ, Christ’s righteousness is imputed to him, and thus he can come into favorable relationship with God.  However, in this verse I believe that Paul is contrasting the righteousness which is by faith with the righteousness which a person may try to establish based upon his works.  What then Paul is saying is that if a person is trying to establish his own righteousness based upon his works of the Law, then he must keep the Law flawlessly, without one exception, in to be acceptable in God’s sight. 

 

6.4.                     Paul wrote about the impossibility of keeping the Law perfectly, and thus the curse that is upon those who try to establish their own righteousness before God based upon law-keeping in Gal. 3:10-13, “10 For as many as are of the works of the Law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who does not abide by all things written in the book of the law, to perform them.”  11 Now that no one is justified by the Law before God is evident; for, “The righteous man shall live by faith.”  12 However, the Law is not of faith; on the contrary, “He who practices them shall live by them.”  13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree.””

 

6.5.                     Since none of us will ever be able to keep God’s Law perfectly, we must realize that we need to come to accept the righteousness that is imputed to the one who trusts only in the work which Christ has done for us for our salvation.

 

7.     VS 10:6-8  - 6 But the righteousness based on faith speaks thus, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’ (that is, to bring Christ down), 7 or ‘Who will descend into the abyss?’ (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).” 8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart”—that is, the word of faith which we are preaching, -  Paul tells us that the righteousness that is based upon faith does not allow a person to say in his heart who will ascend up to heaven or descend into the abyss

 

7.1.                     In this verse, Paul returns to his argument concerning the righteousness which is based upon faith in Christ, and in these verses, what he is basically trying to say is that a person does not need to search and search looking for God, depicted in going up to heaven or even going down to hell, but rather God is right near each one of us.   Each of us just has to respond to God’s Word in the gospel by faith and obedience in order to be saved.  That message is not rocket science nor is it obscure.  A child can understand the gospel so as to be saved for God has made that word ‘near’ to us, its in our mouths and in our hearts, Paul says.

 

7.2.                     Paul said essentially the same thing about God being near to each one of us to the Athenians gathered at the Aerogapus in Acts 17:24-28, “24 “The God who made the world and all things in it, since He is Lord of heaven and earth, does not dwell in temples made with hands; 25 neither is He served by human hands, as though He needed anything, since He Himself gives to all life and breath and all things; 26 and He made from one, every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined their appointed times, and the boundaries of their habitation, 27 that they should seek God, if perhaps they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of us; 28 for in Him we live and move and exist, as even some of your own poets have said, ‘For we also are His offspring.’”

 

7.3.                     The gospel is not “Rocket Science,” not beyond our intellectual grasp, it is a simple message.  We simply are to trust that Jesus Christ has died for our sins and rose from the dead, and then allow Him to be our Lord and Master, as we repent from our sinful deeds.  The gospel is so simple a child can understand it, so surely a grown man or woman can comprehend the gospel message, can they not?

 

8.     VS 10:9-10  - 9 that if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you shall be saved; 10 for with the heart man believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, resulting in salvation. -  Paul tells us that if a person confesses with his mouth Jesus as Lord and believes in his heart that God raised him from the dead that he shall be saved

 

8.1.                     In these two verses, Paul summarizes concisely the gospel message explaining exactly what a person must do to gain his/her salvation through Christ.

 

8.2.                     It is important to keep in mind that Paul in these verses is contrasting that which the Jews believed would gain them entrance to heaven (works) with that which is the true requirement, that which the genuine Christian meets (faith in Christ).

 

8.3.                     It is interesting to note that Paul in his doctrinal statement of what is required for coming to salvation first mentions that a person must ‘confess’ something.  We would expect that Paul would state first that a person must ‘believe’ in Jesus Christ for salvation, especially since the Jews were working for their salvation not realizing that that righteousness is obtained instead by the one who believes.  Why would confession come before believing in Paul’s list here? 

 

8.4.                     Jesus said confession is essential to salvation in Matthew 10:32-33, “32 “Everyone therefore who shall confess Me before men, I will also confess him before My Father who is in heaven. 33 “But whoever shall deny Me before men, I will also deny him before My Father who is in heaven.”  If a person is not willing to confess Jesus Christ as his/her Lord and Master in this life, then that is an indication that he has not received that true saving faith, of which confession is one of the fruits.

 

8.5.                     The confession referred to is ‘not a necessary work’ that someone must complete in order to come to salvation since a man is saved by faith apart from the works of the Law. Rather, confession with the mouth is a result or a fruit of the salvation which a person has received.  Paul then is saying that “there are no silent or secret believers in Christ” for when a person truly comes to salvation he/she cannot keep silent about the Lord and the joy of salvation that he/she has received.  To truly believe requires one to testify.

 

8.6.                     Some have tried to say that the confession referred to by Paul is really just believing, however to forestall that conclusion Paul states that the confession is to be made ‘with your mouth.’  Thus, we know that it is a verbal confession that is referred to.

 

8.7.                     Notice what Paul says that it is that the person who has truly come to salvation confesses:  Jesus as Lord.’      

 

8.8.                     To confess ‘Jesus as Lord’ has a two-fold meaning : 

 

8.8.1.  First of all, it means “to confess that Jesus Christ is Lord over all, the Sovereign King, who is seated on the throne of God, and as such it is a proclamation of Jesus’ deity.” 

 

8.8.1.1.      The Jesus that a person believes in for salvation cannot be one which he has created in the imagination of his own heart.  A lot of people believe in a God that they have created themselves.  For instance, I sometimes hear people say things about the Lord that contradict what the scriptures say.  I have heard people say things like, “My God would never send a person to hell!”  However, it is obvious from such statements that people make that the God that they believe in is one which they have created in the imaginations of their own heart.

 

8.8.2.  Secondly, it means “to allow Jesus to be one’s Lord and Master,” to yield complete control to Jesus.  Thus, to ‘confess Jesus as Lord’ means to confess that your life is not your own but belongs to and is completely at the disposal of the Lord.  It also infers that one has “repented of any known sins.”

 

8.9.                     Next, Paul states that the one who has truly come to salvation must “believe something.”  What he must believe though is not what we might expect that Paul would state.  We might think that Paul would state that a person who has truly come to salvation must believe that Jesus died on the cross for his sins.   However, what Paul states that a saved person must believe is that “God raised Jesus Christ from the dead.” 

                                      

8.10.                I have mentioned previously in my study of Romans that the resurrection of Jesus Christ is the most central doctrine of the Christian religion, and the one upon which all else depends. 

 

8.10.1.                     If Jesus be raised from the dead, then we know that we can trust that everything that Jesus has said concerning His mission on earth is true, for Jesus’ resurrection from the dead is the confirmation of all that He said concerning Himself. 

 

8.10.2.                     Likewise, if Jesus is risen from the dead then He is in fact the Messiah who has come, the lamb without spot or blemish, the One who paid the penalty for the debt of man’s sin. 

 

8.10.3.                     Finally, if Jesus is risen from the dead then He is God the Son, the second person of the Trinity. 

 

8.11.                To believe that Jesus has risen from the dead, we have then also to have believed the entire reason for which He Himself claimed to have come to the earth in the first place as our Lord and Savior.

 

8.12.                To believe that Jesus Christ has risen from the dead ensures salvation.  This is proven by the fact that in verse 10 Paul writes that the “believing in your heart” that Jesus has raised from the dead will have the effect of ‘resulting in righteousness.’  Paul has written previously in this book that a person’s faith is reckoned to him as righteousness, the righteousness of Christ being imputed to him.  Thus, being made righteous is the one prerequisite for a man or woman to be brought into favorable discourse with the Lord, and thus bring salvation.

 

8.13.                Further, Paul writes that a person must believe in his ‘heart.’  No mere intellectual assent of the truth is good enough to bring salvation.  Saving faith is not to believe in God like you believe that Heinz makes ketchup.  This was not what faith meant in Paul’s day.  The ‘heart’ in scripture refers to the seat of all emotions and feelings.  To believe in one’s heart means to place all of one’s hopes in the claims of Christ to be Lord and Savior for mankind.  It also implies complete commitment to Jesus Christ by the one who has genuine faith in Christ.

 

8.14.                It is interesting to note that in the last clause in this statement about what is required for a person to do in order to inherit salvation that Paul states that the person ‘confesses resulting in salvation.’  This is just further evidence that confession with the mouth and believing in the heart are two inseparably conjoined twins both of which are required for salvation. 

 

9.     VS 10:11  - 11 For the Scripture says, “Whoever believes in Him will not be disappointed.” -  Paul reminds us that the scripture foretold that whoever believes in the Messiah will not be disappointed

 

9.1.                     In this verse, Paul again appeals to his Jewish readers from their very own scriptures which prophetically proclaim the importance of believing in the Messiah when He shall come.  If the Jews had just examined honestly before God their scriptures they would have come to faith in Christ, for Jesus said that the He was written of “in the volume of the book,” or throughout it.

 

9.2.                      Paul quotes here from Isaiah 28:16 which states, “16 Therefore thus says the Lord God, “Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone, A costly cornerstone for the foundation, firmly placed.  He who believes in it will not be disturbed.”  Jesus is that chief corner stone, the one that is central to the structure and stability of the entire building.  Isaiah prophesied that when the Messiah would come that men and women must believe upon Him and that doing so they would never be disappointed.  Salvation by faith in Christ should not have been a mystery to the Jews.

 

10.            CONCLUSIONS:

 

10.1.                As we consider this study and how that we ought to apply it to our lives, I would ask you whether or not you are depending upon your own works to make you righteous in God’s sight so as to be accepted by Him or whether you are depending upon Jesus Christ’s righteousness to be imputed to you.  Don’t make the mistake of the Jew in trying to establish your own righteousness before God.  Trust what Jesus has already done on your behalf to be your righteousness.

 

10.2.                Are you daily confessing that Jesus is Lord (deity and master of all) and believing in your heart that God has raised Him up from the dead?  If not, I invite you to take this most simply injunction to heart and receive salvation through Christ today.  Confess Jesus before men, don’t be a silent or secret witness.  Believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, for this results in righteousness.

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