Luke 2:40-3:14:  The Early Life Of Jesus / Intro. To The Ministry Of John The Baptist

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.     INTRO:

 

1.1.                     In our last study, we looked at the first 39 verses of chapter 2 and the birth and dedication of Jesus.

 

1.1.1.  We observed three different witnesses of the birth of Jesus the Messiah provided by the Lord to us:  Shepherds, Simeon, Anna.

 

1.1.2.  We saw how that in all aspects that Jesus was raised up in strict adherence to the Law of Moses, and this had to be in order for Him to be the Lamb without spot or blemish who could come and die on the cross and make full payment for our sins.

 

1.1.3.  Through simply observing what the scripture says in our study we debunked some of the popular Christmas lore and traditions.

 

1.2.                     In our study today, we are going to look at verse 40 of chapter 2 through verse 14 of chapter 3.

 

1.2.1.  In these verses in chapter 2 we will look at the only Biblical account of the “early life of Jesus,” that period of time from the events described of his birth until He began His public ministry.

 

1.2.1.1.      This is a story recounted of Jesus’ parents taking Him at age 12 to the temple during the yearly Passover celebration.

 

1.2.2.  In the first 14 verses of chapter 3 we will look at what Luke tells us about the calling and ministry of John the Baptist.

 

1.2.2.1.      We will observe how that the Old Testament had foretold John’s coming to prepare the way for the Messiah, Jesus.  We will observe the various ways that John fulfilled those Old Testament prophecies concerning his ministry.

 

1.2.2.2.      We will next observe some of the preaching of John the Baptist and thus become familiar with the ministry that the Lord called him to. 

 

2.     VS 2:40  - 40 The Child continued to grow and become strong, increasing in wisdom; and the grace of God was upon Him. -  Jesus grew strong and increased in wisdom, the grace of God being upon Him

 

2.1.                     This verse really covers all that we know from inspiration of the Lord concerning the life of Jesus from the events of the Christmas story given in the gospels, until the story we will consider next that occurs when Jesus was 12 years old and He went on a trip to Jerusalem with His parents.

 

2.2.                     This verse simply tells us that Jesus was growing up physically as all healthy babies do and that He was growing in understanding of godly wisdom.

 

2.3.                     In the church many times the error has been made of emphasizing Jesus’ deity too much.  This verse gives us insight into Jesus’ humanity. 

 

2.4.                     Throughout history it has been a subject of great curiosity as to what Jesus’ life may have been like prior to that time when He began His public ministry.  We as people have a longing and hunger to know more about this period of Jesus’ life, but unfortunately the only stories we can safely rely upon are those that are in the scriptures (what we call our Bible), and these contain no further material on this period of time.

 

2.5.                     Curiously, in the first few centuries after Jesus had been raised from the dead there were numerous books that were written that contained stories about the life of Jesus, including this period of time in Jesus’ early life.  These books are considered extra Biblical books because they were not accepted into the cannon of the scripture due to the nature of the stories written in them.  The stories contradicted passages that the inspired scripture records, record teachings of Jesus that are very questionable, contain apocalyptic Gnostic material that is questionable, or contain stories about Jesus as a boy that show Him as using his power to perform miracles in a  mischievous or self-serving way.  As an example, here is an extra Biblical examples of the early life of Jesus from “The Infancy Gospel Of Thomas” :  II. 1 This little child Jesus when he was five years old was playing at the ford of a brook: and he gathered together the waters that flowed there into pools, and made them straightway clean, and commanded them by his word alone. 2 And having made soft clay, he fashioned thereof twelve sparrows. And it was the Sabbath when he did these things (or made them). And there were also many other little children playing with him. 3 And a certain Jew when he saw what Jesus did, playing upon the Sabbath day, departed straightway and told his father Joseph: Lo, thy child is at the brook, and he hath taken clay and fashioned twelve little birds, and hath polluted the Sabbath day. 4 And Joseph came to the place and saw: and cried out to him, saying: Wherefore doest thou these things on the Sabbath, which it is not lawful to do? But Jesus clapped his hands together and cried out to the sparrows and said to them: Go! and the sparrows took their flight and went away chirping. 5 And when the Jews saw it they were amazed, and departed and told their chief men that which they had seen Jesus do. III. 1 But the son of Annas the scribe was standing there with Joseph; and he took a branch of a willow and dispersed the waters which Jesus had gathered together. 2 And when Jesus saw what was done, he was wroth and said unto him: O evil, ungodly, and foolish one, what hurt did the pools and the waters do thee? behold, now also thou shalt be withered like a tree, and shalt not bear leaves, neither root, nor fruit. 3 And straightway that lad withered up wholly, but Jesus departed and went unto Joseph's house. But the parents of him that was withered took him up, bewailing his youth, and brought him to Joseph, and accused him 'for that thou hast such a child which doeth such deeds.'  IV. 1 After that again he went through the village, and a child ran and dashed against his shoulder. And Jesus was provoked and said unto him: Thou shalt not finish thy course (lit. go all thy way). And immediately he fell down and died. But certain when they saw what was done said: Whence was this young child born, for that every word of his is an accomplished work? And the parents of him that was dead came unto Joseph, and blamed him, saying: Thou that hast such a child canst not dwell with us in the village: or do thou teach him to bless and not to curse: for he slayeth our children IX. 1 Now after certain days Jesus was playing in the upper story of a certain house, and one of the young children that played with him fell down from the house and died. And the other children when they saw it fled, and Jesus remained alone. 2 And the parents of him that was dead came and accused him that he had cast him down. (And Jesus said: I did not cast him down) but they reviled him still. 3 Then Jesus leaped down from the roof and stood by the body of the child and cried with a loud voice and said: Zeno (for so was his name called), arise and tell me, did I cast thee down? And straightway he arose and said: Nay, Lord, thou didst not cast me down, but didst raise me up. And when they saw it they were amazed: and the parents of the child glorified God for the sign which had come to pass, and worshipped Jesus.”  We should realize that it is a waste of time reading accounts of Jesus of this extra Biblical type for they can only confuse us.  The scriptures (our Bible) alone are inspired and everything that contradicts them must be rejected.

 

2.6.                     Another evidence against these extra Biblical gospel writings is that John 2:11 tells us explicitly that Jesus’ turning the water into wine at the wedding in Cana was the “first” of Jesus’ miracles.

 

2.7.                     Before we leave discussing this verse we need to think about the implications of what it is saying.  Jesus was “growing” in wisdom and understanding of God’s purposes and the Word of God, yet we wonder how this could be if He being God is truly omniscient? 

 

2.7.1.  Philippians 2:1-11 may shed some light on this question because it speaks of Jesus being emptied out from His form as God in order to come and be made a man in His incarnation, “5 Have this attitude in yourselves which was also in Christ Jesus, 6 who, although He existed in the form of God, did not regard equality with God a thing to be grasped, 7 but emptied Himself, taking the form of a bond-servant, and being made in the likeness of men. 8 Being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.”

 

2.7.2.  Part of the humbling of Himself in order to become human and thus qualify to become that perfect sacrifice that could take away all of the sins of mankind evidently involved Jesus losing aspects of His godhead in the process, perhaps even characteristics such as His omnipotence, omniscience, omnipresence, etc.

 

2.7.3.  We wonder how much Jesus really understood of His purpose at every age as He was growing up, and yet it does in fact appear from this verse that Jesus was growing in His understanding of these things.  The Lord has kept secret much about the early life of Jesus but what the scriptures contain is all that we need, for we know that it says that He has given us everything pertaining to life and godliness (2 Peter 1:3).  The scripture is true that says that those things which are revealed belong to us and that the secret things belong to the Lord (Deut. 29:29).

 

3.     VS 2:41-46  - 41 Now His parents went to Jerusalem every year at the Feast of the Passover. 42 And when He became twelve, they went up there according to the custom of the Feast; 43 and as they were returning, after spending the full number of days, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem. But His parents were unaware of it, 44 but supposed Him to be in the caravan, and went a day’s journey; and they began looking for Him among their relatives and acquaintances. 45 When they did not find Him, they returned to Jerusalem looking for Him. 46 Then, after three days they found Him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the teachers, both listening to them and asking them questions. -  After coming with His family to observe the Passover, Jesus remains behind at the temple when His family leaves to go home

 

3.1.                     Again demonstrating how that Jesus’ parents sought to keep the Law of Moses in every particular, we see that every year they would travel to Jerusalem to observe the Passover celebration.  

 

3.2.                     Not only did Jesus’ parents make an appearance at the temple for the observance of the Passover, we see here that they demonstrate their zeal for the Lord by ‘spending the full number of days’ there at the temple.

 

3.3.                     The caravan that Joseph and Mary traveled in was probably large enough that they didn’t miss Jesus until the end of that day, supposing Him to be traveling with a relative.

 

3.4.                     Discovering Jesus to be missing that evening, Joseph and Mary then decide to return back to Jerusalem and this takes another day’s travel.  After three days’ since leaving Jerusalem, Joseph and Mary come and find Jesus in the temple talking with the teachers and asking them questions.

 

3.5.                     Jesus was probably sitting with the Jewish teachers in the inner court where the priests made the sacrifices.

 

3.6.                     Jesus was now twelve years old, meaning that a certain rite of passage had now occurred in His life.  Today, young Jewish men are given a Bar Mitzvah around this age.  We might then expect Jesus to begin to behave differently at this point in time.  He was beginning to be a man and be His own person.

 

4.     VS 2:47  - 47 And all who heard Him were amazed at His understanding and His answers. -  Those present in the temple were amazed at Jesus’ understanding and answers

 

4.1.                     Contrary to what some have thought, Jesus was not teaching the lawyers and scribes here, rather He was sitting with them and learning from them.

 

4.2.                     Jesus was at the point in His life where He was to be in subjection to His parents and in subjection to all of the authority in the temple, therefore He would not be teaching or rebuking the teachers at this point in His life.  We will see in the gospels that when Jesus finally begins His ministry at age 30 that He will indict the religious leaders bringing harsh criticism and accusations against them.

 

5.     VS 2:48-49  - 48 When they saw Him, they were astonished; and His mother said to Him, “Son, why have You treated us this way? Behold, Your father and I have been anxiously looking for You.” 49 And He said to them, “ Why is it that you were looking for Me? Did you not know that I had to be in My Father’s house? -  Joseph and Mary are astonished when the find Jesus and Mary brings Him a rebuke for troubling them by remaining behind at the temple

 

5.1.                     Mary rebukes Jesus for lacking sensitivity towards her and Joseph for disappearing on them.  Further, she tells Jesus that they were in a panic frantically looking for Him.  This is the force of the language which she uses when questioning Him.

 

5.2.                     Jesus does not lash back sharply but simply asks her and Joseph why they were looking for Him for did they not understand that He had to be about His father’s business?

 

5.3.                     Jesus was giving a challenge to His mother though that He would not always be doing her will in His life, but rather His father’s will.

 

5.4.                     These are Jesus’ first expressions in the scriptures of the purpose for which He came into the world.  They are the beginning of His explanation of His person to mankind.

 

5.5.                     The word ‘house’ is in italics here meaning that the word is not in the original manuscripts.  In other words, some word is implied by Jesus’ expression.  However, we must use our best judgment to speculate as to what Jesus was referring.  Perhaps the best explanation is that Jesus is saying that He had to be about His “Father’s things.”

 

5.6.                     Simeon had prophesied to Mary that because of Jesus a sword would pierce her heart and that she would be troubled.  This is the first known instance of Jesus’ fulfilling this prophesy to Mary.

 

6.     VS 2:50  - 50 But they did not understand the statement which He had made to them. -  Joseph and Mary did not understand what Jesus was trying to communicate to them

 

6.1.                     This verse is interesting for it shows us that Joseph and Mary were slow to understand the things of God, slow to comprehend the things that were being done in and through the life of Jesus. 

 

6.2.                     Eighteen plus years later when Jesus was performing His ministry His family (minus Joseph who appears to have been deceased by this time) still don’t understand His purpose (see Luke 8:19-21;  John 7:1-5).

 

6.3.                     Those churches who say that Mary was herself born of immaculate conception and sinless should try to explain how that if Mary was this way why she was so slow to comprehend spiritual truth concerning Jesus.  This verse and many others reveal that Mary was just like all other sinful men and women, slow to comprehend spiritual truth.  She was very apostolic in that sense for the 12 apostles were also very slow to comprehend spiritual truth about Jesus.

 

6.3.1.  Some of those who claim Mary to be immaculately conceived and sinless have tried to say that this verse says that it was the crowd itself not Mary who did not understand Jesus’ words.  However, this is a major stretch…

 

7.     VS 2:51-52  - 51 And He went down with them and came to Nazareth, and He continued in subjection to them; and His mother treasured all these things in her heart. 52 And Jesus kept increasing in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men. -  Jesus went home with His parents to Nazareth and remained in subjection to His parents

 

7.1.                     Again, as was mentioned, we see Jesus living in subjection to His parents’ will at this point in His life.

 

7.2.                     Young people need to follow Jesus’ example and be in subjection to their parents while they are living in their household and not yet adults.

 

7.3.                     In fact, all of us need to follow Jesus’ example and learn from our elders and be in subjection to them as the scriptures teach us to do.

 

7.4.                     All of us as people ought to seek God’s will and counsel, however it is many times the case that instead we counsel God and do our own will.

 

7.5.                     We see here that Mary ‘treasured all these things in her heart,’ which shows her piety.  However, my question is how it is that Luke knew what Mary was thinking at this point in time?  He had heard stories about the things Mary had done, but we see a few times in this gospel that Luke knows what Mary is thinking.  This appears to be significant evidence that Mary was most likely one of Luke’s contributing sources in compiling the material for this gospel writing.

 

7.6.                     Note that Jesus just kept on ‘increasing in wisdom and stature’ and that because of the God’s hand on His life and the purity of His character He began to also increase ‘in favor with God and men.’

 

8.     VS 3:1-2  - 1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene, 2 in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness. -  Luke gives us the time stamp historical details for the beginning of John the Baptist’s ministry

 

8.1.                     Luke is again using exacting detail in writing this letter for he cites seven different men and their being in office here in order to coordinate the clearest historical time reference for us:  Tiberius Ceasar, Pontius Pilate, Herod Antipas, Herod Philip, Trachonitis and Lysanias were tetrarch of Abilee, Annas and Ciaphas were high priest.

 

8.2.                     These details tell us that the date of the beginning of John’s ministry was 28-29 BC.

 

8.3.                     There are two high priests, however this is not unprecedented. 

 

8.3.1.  In David’s day both Abiathar and Zadok served as high priest. 

 

8.3.2.  Also it could be that one of them these two priests listed here had ruled for a long time and now was retired yet out of respect he kept his title of high priest much in the same way a retired president of the United States is always called president.

 

8.3.3.  Rome was known to depose or insert a high priest in Israel at this time as well.

 

8.4.                     Darrell Bock has written the following about how these rulers came to rule, “Herod the Great (“king” from 37 b.c. to 4 b.c.), ruled a vast region that encompassed much of what had been ancient Israel.  Herod the Great rebuilt much of the city of Jerusalem and started the restoration of the great temple.  Education and economic vitality came to the region, intermixed with bouts of internal unrest.  But with his death in 4 B.C., his kingdom was split among his three sons: Archelaus, the eldest, received Judea and Samaria until his banishment in A.D. 6 (he died in A.D. 18).  Herod Antipas inherited Galilee and Perea, and their benevolent half-brother Philip received the northern Transjordan area.  Technically, they were all tetrarchs or, in effect, regional rulers.”

 

8.5.                     Much in the same way that the Word of God came to Old Testament prophets when they were called to their office and service, the Word of God came to John the Baptist now as he is being called to begin his ministry.  God gave John a burning passion to preach His message of repentance for the coming of the Lord was at hand.

 

9.     VS 3:3-6  - 3 And he came into all the district around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins; 4 as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet, “The voice of one crying in the wilderness, ‘Make ready the way of the Lord, Make His paths straight. 5 Every ravine will be filled, And every mountain and hill will be brought low; The crooked will become straight, And the rough roads smooth; 6 And all flesh will see the salvation of God.’ ” -  John the Baptist begins his ministry in fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy

 

9.1.                     The area of John’s ministry is described here as ‘around the Jordan’ River.  This river was located on the east side of the Land of Canaan and separated the Land of Canaan from what is referred to in scripture as “the wilderness” or “transjordan area.”  By miraculous intervention this river was crossed by Joshua in the first part of his book as he brought Israel across to begin their campaign of conquering the nations within the Land of Canaan and obtaining their tribal inheritance of land.

 

9.2.                     Luke quotes Isaiah 40 here which foretold the coming of a forerunner of the Messiah.  He writes that this one who is to come will:

 

9.2.1.  Be a voice ‘crying in the wilderness.’

 

9.2.2.    Make ready the way of the Lord.’

 

9.2.2.1.      If a mighty ruler were to come to visit a people, then there would be workers who would come before him to make sure that there was a nice smooth and straight road for him to travel on.

 

9.2.3.  Make His paths straight.’

 

9.2.3.1.      Again, a ruler would not want to travel on a crooked or dangerous path when coming to a distant nation or people.  The road would need to be straightened for him.

 

9.2.4.  Every ravine will be filled, And every mountain and hill will be brought low; The crooked will become straight, And the rough roads smooth.’

 

9.2.4.1.      This again speaks of the manner in which the road would be cleared and made fit for the travel of a mighty king to a distant people.

 

9.2.5.  All flesh shall see the salvation of God.’

 

9.2.5.1.      This aspect of the Ministry of the Messiah involves final eschatology.  In God’s mind, the coming of Jesus was the ushering in of what the scriptures refer to as “the last days.”  Jesus ushers in the end times.  However, today we are still waiting the final fulfillment of this aspect of prophecy regarding Jesus Christ.

 

9.3.                     John the Baptist not only baptized people, he also was called to preach and he had a message to preach.  John’s message was one of ‘repentance’ in preparation for the coming of the Messiah.  We will look at some examples of his preaching this message next, but ‘repentance’ in general refers to a turning back to the Lord, of ordering one’s life around obedience and following of the Lord after having lived a life apart from obeying the Lord.  It is a commitment to be a person who is a “doer” of God’s will.

 

9.4.                     In the work of Christ, one day all that is sinful will be removed from the presence of the Lord and from the lives of those who will be His people.    The Lord is totally holy and He will remove all uncleanness from us.  Therefore, at this juncture while we are on earth as God’s people we are called to begin to learn to walk in holiness, the holiness that defines the Lord.

 

9.5.                     The function of John the Baptist in leveling and making straight and smooth the path for the Lord was being accomplished as he preached his message of repentance.  As people turned the control of their life over to the Lord in obedience to Him and His commandments their hearts were prepared to receive the message of salvation through Jesus.

 

9.6.                     We as God’s people always need to be repenting whenever we realize that we have not measured up to the Lord’s holiness.  We need to ask the Lord to remove the rough and crooked ways from our lives.  We need to ask the Lord to give us tender hearts for Him.

 

9.7.                     The Jews baptized Gentile proselytes during this time, however John’s baptism was unique for he was called to baptize Jews into this baptism of repentance.

 

9.8.                     Baptism for believers today looks back at what Jesus has already done in our lives.  It is not something that is necessary in order for a person to be saved, rather it is an emblem of the work that the Lord has already done in our lives.  However, John’s baptism was one that was to cause his followers to look forward to Jesus’ coming. 

 

9.9.                     It appears from Acts 19:1-7 that those who had been baptized in John’s baptism would be re-baptized after the left John to begin to follow Jesus, “1 It happened that while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul passed through the upper country and came to Ephesus, and found some disciples. 2 He said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” And they said to him, “No, we have not even heard whether there is a Holy Spirit.” 3 And he said, “Into what then were you baptized?” And they said, “Into John’s baptism.” 4 Paul said, “John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in Him who was coming after him, that is, in Jesus.” 5 When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 6 And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they began speaking with tongues and prophesying. 7 There were in all about twelve men.

 

10.            VS 3:7-9  - 7 So he began saying to the crowds who were going out to be baptized by him, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? 8 “Therefore bear fruits in keeping with repentance, and do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham for our father,’ for I say to you that from these stones God is able to raise up children to Abraham. 9 “Indeed the axe is already laid at the root of the trees; so every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.” -  John the Baptist challenges those who are coming to him to be baptized to bear fruits in keeping with repentance

 

10.1.                There was just something in the air at this time, something that was making people aware that judgment from the Lord was coming.  The people of God had grown so cold and rebellious towards the Lord that in their darkness they sensed an impending doom. 

 

10.1.1.                     It is my prayer that we in this day may get a sense of this same thing, that the Lord is ready to return in judgment at any moment.  We need an urgency to live godly lives pleasing to the Lord.

 

10.2.                When a field in Israel would catch on fire, poisonous viper snakes would begin to crawl out of the field to save their lives.  John saw that many were coming out to him because they saw that judgment was coming soon upon them, and thus they were like a ‘brood of vipers’ fleeing ‘from the wrath to come.’

 

10.3.                Repentance is necessary for all who come to Christ as it is a necessary step in the process of them coming to have saving faith in Christ.  However, in our day it grieves me that there are many churches that are preaching gospel messages and giving altar calls to receive Christ as Savior that mention nothing of turning your life over to Christ in repentance.  Many people are being given false assurance of salvation and they are having false conversions.  People need to receive the challenge of John the Baptist to bring forth the fruit of repentance if they have truly come to know the Lord.

 

10.4.                Just as “faith without works is dead” so too repentance without “the fruit of repentance” is dead, or non-existent.

 

10.5.                John the Baptist warns the people coming out to him that if they truly were not repenting and turning their lives over in obedience to the Lord that He was ‘able to raise up children to Abraham.’  Then John goes on to say that ‘every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.’

 

10.6.                People tend to think that for some reason that God is a respecter of persons and that He certainly wouldn’t judge them, yet this is foolish.  In John 15:1-9 Jesus taught this same truth about repentance being essential or judgment will come as John did, when Jesus said that those who refuse to abide in Him would be removed as a branch, “1 I am the true vine , and My Father is the vinedresser . 2 “ Every branch in Me that does not bear fruit , He takes away ; and every branch that bears fruit , He prunes it so that it may bear more fruit . 3 “ You are already clean because of the word which I have spoken to you. 4 “ Abide in Me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself unless it abides in the vine , so neither can you unless you abide in Me. 5 “I am the vine , you are the branches ; he who abides in Me and I in him, he bears much fruit , for apart from Me you can do nothing . 6 “ If anyone does not abide in Me, he is thrown away as a branch and dries up; and they gather them, and cast them into the fire and they are burned.”

 

10.7.                Those who are claiming a saving relationship with Jesus yet who are refusing to abide in Christ walking in repentance will not be saved in the end according to Jesus.

 

11.            VS 3:10-14  - 10 And the crowds were questioning him, saying, “Then what shall we do?” 11 And he would answer and say to them, “The man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none; and he who has food is to do likewise.” 12 And some tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him, “Teacher, what shall we do?” 13 And he said to them, “Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.” 14 Some soldiers were questioning him, saying, “And what about us, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not take money from anyone by force, or accuse anyone falsely, and be content with your wages.” -  John gives practical examples of a life of repentance

 

11.1.                Since John had mentioned that a person who wanted to be one of God’s people had to bring forth the fruits of repentance, the crowds were questioning John asking in essence, “What are the fruits of repentance?”

 

11.2.                In Jesus reply concerning what genuine repentance involves notice that Jesus does not refer to external observance of rites, a set of rules to be kept, or a set of spiritual disciplines to keep.  Rather, Jesus points the people to walking according to the “royal law of love” or “loving others as you love yourself,” and keeping justice and mercy and being kind and thoughtful of others.

 

11.3.                John’s practical examples of a life of repentance are pretty remarkable when you realize that they came from a man who had lived his life apart from people in the wilderness, while he ate locusts and wild honey and wore for clothes camel’s skins. 

 

11.4.                Jesus gives three examples of genuine repentance:

 

11.4.1.                     The first example given by John for genuine repentance is that, ‘the man who has two tunics is to share with him who has none, and ‘he who has food is to do likewise.’ 

 

11.4.1.1. It is God’s will for we who are His people to consider the needs of others.  The Lord expects to share out of our surplus with those who are in need.

 

11.4.1.2. All of the preaching and spiritual exercises we may do are worthless if we do not have compassion upon those who are in genuine need.  Jesus makes this perfectly clear in Matt. 25:32-46 when He talks about the how that one day He will separate the sheep from the goats, “32 “ All the nations will be gathered before Him; and He will separate them from one another , as the shepherd separates the sheep from the goats ; 33 and He will put the sheep on His right , and the goats on the left . 34 “ Then the King will say to those on His right , ‘ Come , you who are blessed of My Father , inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world . 35 ‘For I was hungry , and you gave Me something to eat ; I was thirsty , and you gave Me something to drink ; I was a stranger , and you invited Me in; 36 naked , and you clothed Me; I was sick , and you visited Me; I was in prison , and you came to Me.’ 37 “ Then the righteous will answer Him, ‘ Lord , when did we see You hungry , and feed You, or thirsty , and give You something to drink ? 38 ‘And when did we see You a stranger , and invite You in, or naked , and clothe You? 39 ‘ When did we see You sick , or in prison , and come to You?’ 40 “ The King will answer and say to them, ‘ Truly I say to you, to the extent that you did it to one of these brothers of Mine , even the least of them, you did it to Me.’ 41 “ Then He will also say to those on His left , ‘ Depart from Me, accursed ones, into the eternal fire which has been prepared for the devil and his angels ; 42 for I was hungry , and you gave Me nothing to eat ; I was thirsty , and you gave Me nothing to drink ; 43 I was a stranger , and you did not invite Me in; naked , and you did not clothe Me; sick , and in prison , and you did not visit Me.’ 44 “ Then they themselves also will answer , ‘ Lord , when did we see You hungry , or thirsty , or a stranger , or naked , or sick , or in prison , and did not take care of You?’ 45 “ Then He will answer them, ‘ Truly I say to you, to the extent that you did not do it to one of the least of these , you did not do it to Me.’ 46 “ These will go away into eternal punishment , but the righteous into eternal life.”

 

 

11.4.2.                     To a tax collector who wanted to be baptized John said that he must ‘Collect no more than what you have been ordered to.

 

11.4.2.1. In Israel in Jesus day, the Romans had a unique system for collecting taxes which people owed, and there were a variety of taxes imposed by Rome including poll taxes, land taxes, and various sales taxes.  The Romans employed tax collectors to go and to collect the taxes in a system known as “tax farming.”  The taxes were collected in the major cities.  Darrell Bock writes the following, “City rulers leased the right to collect taxes to an individual or group, who had bid for this right and had paid for it in advance.  Thus, the collector would not only have to collect the tax that Rome had stipulated, but he would have to add a surcharge to meet his expenses, an additional charge over which he had total control.  In most of the empire this job of collection went to wealthy Romans who were designated “publicans.”…And at times these tax collectors would hire subordinates, becoming “head tax collectors.””  Each of these individuals as well as their subordinates required a surcharge when any tax was paid.  So, a tax collector was sort of like a modern day bounty hunter who would hunt a person down but then threaten them with bodily harm or bribery to pay whatever amount they happened to see fit for a tax owed to Rome.  Thus, tax collectors were the most hated of men in Israel.

 

11.4.2.2. Jesus tells this tax collector that he should be fair and not collect more than he had been ordered to collect.  In other words this was an admonishment that a tax collector should not be greedy and force people to pay above what a fair amount was for their taxes.

 

11.4.2.3. Notice that Jesus does not tell the tax collector that if he were truly serious about obeying the Lord that he would quit his job.

 

11.4.3.                     Some soldiers came to Jesus and asked them what genuine repentance consisted of and Jesus told them, “Do not take money from anyone by force, or accuse anyone falsely, and be content with your wages.

 

11.4.3.1. Throughout history soldiers of all nations have sometimes abused their authority.  Jesus here tells these soldiers to not abuse their authority by taking money from someone using force.  This probably was a reference to requiring a bribe in order to not be arrested or killed for some made up charge.

 

11.4.3.2. Soldiers also have been know to plant evidence and testify falsely in court, therefore Jesus tells them not to accuse someone falsely.

 

11.4.3.3. Finally, soldiers were often forced to work for little or no wages in Israel, and Jesus tells these soldiers that they were to be content with what they were being paid.

 

11.4.3.4. Note that John did not tell these soldiers that if they were truly spiritual and serious about serving the Lord that they would resign as soldiers.


 

12.            CONCLUSIONS:

 

12.1.                As we consider the preaching of John the baptism, we ought to ask ourselves if we are truly bringing forth the fruits that are consistent with repentance. 

 

12.1.1.                     Is there any area of your life that does not match what God’s word teaches and reveals is God’s will for your life?

    

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