Luke 19:1-27:  “Zaccheus Comes To Try And Get A Glimpse Of Jesus / Parable Of The Minas

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.     INTRO:

 

1.1.         In our last study, we looked at verses 18-43 of chapter 18.

 

1.1.1.        We saw that Jesus met a rich young ruler who asked him what good thing that he might be able to do to ensure that he will have eternal life.

 

1.1.2.        Jesus yet again predicted His rejection, humiliation, suffering, death, and resurrection to His disciples.

 

1.1.3.        Jesus healed a man beside the road who was blind and called out to Him for mercy.

 

1.2.                     In our study today, we are going to look at verses 1-27 of chapter 19.

 

1.2.1.  A chief tax gatherer named Zaccheus will determine that he wants to try and see Jesus however because he is small he is afraid that he will not be able to see Jesus, so he climbs up in a Sycamore Tree and waits up the road for Jesus to come to him.

 

1.2.2.  Jesus will teach the Parable Of The Minas which is very similar to the parable found in Matthew’s gospel called, “The Parable Of The Talents.”

 

2.     VS 19:1-10  - 1 He entered Jericho and was passing through. 2 And there was a man called by the name of Zaccheus; he was a chief tax collector and he was rich. 3 Zaccheus was trying to see who Jesus was, and was unable because of the crowd, for he was small in stature. 4 So he ran on ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree in order to see Him, for He was about to pass through that way. 5 When Jesus came to the place, He looked up and said to him, “Zaccheus, hurry and come down, for today I must stay at your house.” 6 And he hurried and came down and received Him gladly. 7 When they saw it, they all began to grumble, saying, “He has gone to be the guest of a man who is a sinner.” 8 Zaccheus stopped and said to the Lord, “Behold, Lord, half of my possessions I will give to the poor, and if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I will give back four times as much.” 9 And Jesus said to him, “Today salvation has come to this house, because he, too, is a son of Abraham. 10 “For the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost.” -  A man named Zaccheus who is a chief tax collector climbs up in a tree so that he can see Jesus, but when Jesus comes he tells the man that today He must stay at Zaccheus’ house

 

2.1.                     This is an interesting story on many accounts.  What an unlikely event is this, a very rich chief tax collector coming to salvation and then turning into a benefactor to the poor, while making fourfold restitution also to all of those whom he had wronged. 

 

2.2.                     Zaccheus is described here as a ‘chief tax collector’ which probably means that he had others working under him over whom he received a percentage of all of their income.  As a ‘tax collector’ he probably had a toll booth along the road going to Jericho.  When people would come along that road he and those working for him would stop them and look up their name on the tax rolls to see if their taxes were paid up.  If they were not paid up then the ‘tax collector’ would extort money from them in amounts that were much higher than the actual tax being owed.  There were no limits to what they might extort.  Thus, a ‘tax collector’ was one of the most hated people in society, and he would not have many friends if any.  If he were Jewish he probably stayed clear of the temple for his own safety.  We do not know if Zaccheus was Jewish or Gentile but most seem to believe he was probably Jewish.

 

2.3.                     Though Zaccheus was a powerful man, and a very rich man, he was also a short man.  He must have been a short and stocky powerful man to be good at extortion as a chief tax collector. 

 

2.4.                     Zaccheus’ desire to see Jesus was probably just the result of mere curiosity, however he gets much more than he bargained for.  He ends up becoming a disciple of Jesus.  This is often how people come to salvation, they at some point begin to seek after the Lord until one day they end up having a salvation experience with Him. 

 

2.5.                     This story appears placed where it is for the sake of contrast.  In our previous study we looked at the rich young ruler who came to Jesus asking what good thing he might be able to do to inherit eternal life.  When Jesus told the man that what he lacked was that he must sell all of his possessions and distribute them to the poor, the rich young ruler went away sad and grieved because being rich he was not willing to do away with his riches.  Jesus then taught about how hard it is for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven saying that it would be easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to come to salvation.  However, in our story today Zaccheus is that camel who goes through the eye of a needle for he is a rich man who comes to have a glorious salvation experience with Jesus.

 

2.6.                     In this story, we see that by climbing up into the Sycamore Tree Zaccheus hoped to somehow be able to see Jesus, for he was seeking after Jesus.  However, we also see that Jesus was seeking after him.  When Jesus walks up to Zaccheus He immediately calls Zaccheus by name.  It appears to have been a miraculous thing for Jesus to have known Zaccheus’ name not ever having met him. 

 

2.7.                     Whenever a person seeks after the Lord, it is the case that in reality what is happening is that the Lord is seeking after him.  The scriptures reveal to us that since the fall of Adam men and women are born with a sinful nature and thus by nature they go astray from God’s will and obedience to God’s Law.  Paul wrote in Rom. 3:11:, “There is none who understands; There is none who seeks after God.”  Therefore, the only way a person can have it in his heart to seek after God is if God is seeking after him to bring him to Himself and to salvation through Christ.

 

2.8.                     Just as in Zaccheus’ day, the Lord Jesus is in the business of initiating relationships with the people on this earth for the purpose of bringing them into His kingdom and so that they might have their sins forgiven, be reconciled to God, and inherit eternal salvation.  This is the same truth revealed over and over again in the gospels in the lives of, for instance, the Prodigal Son, the woman of Samaria who was drawing water, and Nicodemus who came to Him by night (John 3), and, in the parables of the Lost Coin and the Lost Sheep.

 

2.8.1.  We Christians ought to be people who are following Jesus’ example and always seeking to initiate relationships for the purpose of bringing people to the Savior.

 

2.9.                     We don’t know how long Zaccheus spent with Jesus.  It could have been a couple of days or it could have been just for a meal.

 

2.10.                The crowd with Jesus on this day was offended that Jesus, a man who was a spiritual leader among the people and one who should have known better, would go to the house and be a guest of a man who was ‘a sinner.’  Tax collectors were looked upon by Jews as being “unclean” and thus it was believed that going to a tax collector’s house would cause a person to be defiled.

 

2.11.                It appears that as Zaccheus was going en route to his house with Jesus that he stopped and told the Lord that he would give half of all that he owned to the poor and that he would give back to everyone from whom he had extorted money four times as much money as he had extorted.  Zaccheus seems to be prompted to make this commitment to Jesus because he heard the crowd grumbling about Jesus going with him to his house.  This may have been a breaking point in his life as he realized how great God’s grace is.

 

2.12.                In our story, Zaccheus shows all of the fruits of having come to a true salvation experience.  When a person comes to salvation if there is no fruit that begins to be born in his/her life at that point then the person’s salvation experience is probably not valid.

 

2.12.1.                     Zaccheus’ attitude towards people and money drastically changes.  He no longer seeks to use people and live for money but rather to bless people through the use of his money.

 

2.12.2.                     Zaccheus chooses to give back fourfold to those whom he had defrauded which is much more than that which the Law required in such cases.  In Leviticus 5:14-16 and Numbers 5:5-7, we read that if a person deals unfaithfully in regard to a person’s goods (i.e. steals from them) then he is to make restitution plus add a fifth to it (20%).  Likewise, in Exodus 22:7-9 and 2 Samuel 12:6 we read that if a person were to rustle someone’s animals and take them for his own that he was to make double restitution for these animals.   Yet, incredibly Zaccheus makes fourfold restitution, and he does it to “all” whom he had defrauded.

 

2.12.3.                     A person would be considered generous if he gave away even 20% of all that he had to the poor, however after coming to salvation through Jesus, Zaccheus decides to give away 50% of all that he owned to the poor.

 

2.13.                It must also be the case that Zaccheus first made fourfold restitution to those from whom he had extorted money and then he gave half of the rest of his money to the poor, otherwise he would have potentially been giving away what was not his.

 

2.14.                It is important that we as Christians make restitution to people when we have wronged them.  You don’t hear much about this in churches today, however a person’s spiritual growth and health is going to be greatly hampered if after coming to salvation, he/she does not seek to make restitution to those whom he/she might has wronged in the past as well as those whom he/she might wrong in the future. 

 

2.14.1.                     When I first came to salvation the Lord strongly put it on my heart to do certain things, including to make restitution to people for the bad things I had done in the past.  He told me for instance to apologize to some people for things I had said or done, in particular my parents for how I had treated them growing up.  Also, when I was a youngster my sister at one point had been very frugal in saving money.  She had saved up $17.  I was very jealous of her because she could save money but I couldn’t.  So, one day I stole her $17.  This was very disappointing and disturbing to her.  When I came to salvation the Lord had put it on my heart to pay my sister back however over time I sort of forgot about doing that.  It was about 15 years later however that I was doing a lot of praying and fasting that the Lord would reveal to me things in my life that I should deal with that might be hindering me in my growth and from being used by the Lord as I should be, and low and behold He reminded me that I had never yet made restitution to my sister for stealing her $17.  That day, I wrote her a check for $100 along with a letter telling her I was sorry for stealing her money, that the Lord was leading me to send her this check, and telling her to use the money to buy something nice for herself.

 

2.14.2.                     Notice in verse 10 that Jesus gives us His “Mission Statement’ :  to seek and save that which was lost.’  His desire is to seek after lost souls and bring them to salvation.

 

2.14.2.1. Oh, Christian should this not also be your mission statement?

 

3.     VS 19:11-27  - 11 While they were listening to these things, Jesus went on to tell a parable, because He was near Jerusalem, and they supposed that the kingdom of God was going to appear immediately. 12 So He said, “A nobleman went to a distant country to receive a kingdom for himself, and then return. 13 “And he called ten of his slaves, and gave them ten minas and said to them, ‘Do business with this until I come back.14 “But his citizens hated him and sent a delegation after him, saying, ‘We do not want this man to reign over us.’ 15 “When he returned, after receiving the kingdom, he ordered that these slaves, to whom he had given the money, be called to him so that he might know what business they had done. 16 “The first appeared, saying, ‘Master, your mina has made ten minas more.’ 17 “And he said to him, ‘Well done, good slave, because you have been faithful in a very little thing, you are to be in authority over ten cities.’ 18 “The second came, saying, ‘Your mina, master, has made five minas.’ 19 “And he said to him also, ‘And you are to be over five cities.’ 20 “Another came, saying, ‘Master, here is your mina, which I kept put away in a handkerchief; 21 for I was afraid of you, because you are an exacting man; you take up what you did not lay down and reap what you did not sow.’ 22 “He said to him, ‘By your own words I will judge you, you worthless slave. Did you know that I am an exacting man, taking up what I did not lay down and reaping what I did not sow? 23 ‘Then why did you not put my money in the bank, and having come, I would have collected it with interest?’ 24 “Then he said to the bystanders, ‘Take the mina away from him and give it to the one who has the ten minas.’ 25 “And they said to him, ‘Master, he has ten minas already.26 “I tell you that to everyone who has, more shall be given, but from the one who does not have, even what he does have shall be taken away. 27 “But these enemies of mine, who did not want me to reign over them, bring them here and slay them in my presence.”” -  Jesus teaches the Parable Of The Minas

 

3.1.                     We see here in this parable that Jesus is attempting to forestall a problem with His disciples regarding their expectations of Him as the Messiah.  Luke includes here that Jesus told His disciples this parable because, ‘they supposed that the kingdom of God was going to appear immediately.’  Their expectation was that as Jesus was coming to Jerusalem for this next Passover that during the feast or soon afterwards that He was going to be crowned as Messiah King over the Jews, and then they would then serve as His cabinet ministers.  However, Jesus was actually going to suffer, be killed, resurrect from the dead, and then Jesus’ kingdom would not be consummated until some date far off into the future.  Jesus was trying to help His disciples be prepared for the disappointment that He knew they would experience when He was crucified and did not meet their expectations as the Messiah.

 

3.1.1.  It seems that every generation of Christians has believed that the return of Christ would be in their lifetime.  Believing this though can cause people to make some wrong decisions concerning their life.

 

3.1.2.  We as Christians need to learn from this story the fact that though we may believe that the Lord is soon going to appear and take us to glory that it is none the less the case that we need to live our life in this world with the view in mind that in case He delays His coming that we shall make plans and live responsibly in this life living as good stewards of the things that He has given us and brought into our life.  As the stewards in this parable, in this life we need to ‘occupy’ or ‘do business’ for the Lord and His kingdom until He returns for us, i.e. we are supposed to be about His business.

 

3.2.                     In this parable, Jesus corresponds to the ‘king’ here who goes away to a distant land to receive a kingdom.  This is in fact the very thing that Jesus is doing at the present time.  He has gone to heaven where He is seated on the throne awaiting the period of time in which all is complete and He may return to the earth in order to establish His Millennial Kingdom.

 

3.3.                     The ‘slaves’ correspond not only to Jesus’ disciples in that day but to all of His disciples throughout history who are awaiting His return to the earth for them.  Notice that this is the second time that Luke has included a story from Jesus in which we who are Christians are pictured as being God’s ‘slaves.’  A slave has no rights and no property of his own, all belongs to His master.

 

3.4.                     In Matt. 25:14-30, there is recorded the Parable Of The Talents and in most regards, especially the spiritual application, it parallels this parable found in Luke, with the exception of a few details:

 

3.4.1.  The man with slaves in Matthew’s parable account was a businessman but the man in this account was a king to be.

 

3.4.2.  In Matthew’s parable account, each slave was given a different number of talents with which they were entrusted.  Here in Luke each slave receives the exact same amount, or one ‘mina.’

 

3.4.3.  In Matthew’s parable account, the slaves were given various numbers of  talents,” and a “talent” was worth one hundred times that of a ‘mina.’  The ‘mina’ that each slave was given here was worth about four month’s wages.

 

3.5.                      To often I believe that it is the case that Christians lose sight of the fact that they have been placed here on this earth by the Lord for specific callings and ministries.  The world becomes alluring and it is easy to follow the ways of the world and start living for a career, a hobby, a sport, a cause, or some worldly endeavor.  In fact, many times Christians get too caught up in things that are not evil in and of themselves, such as for instance social activities, however they lose sight of their calling and being used of God in the ministries that they were put on the earth to perform.  The Lord tells each of us to be good stewards and to ‘do business’ in His kingdom utilizing those things which He has invested in us and committed to our trust.

 

3.6.                     Spurgeon once preached the following about how we as Christians need to be careful not to think that the things given to us by the Lord are really our own instead of His, “…A steward is a man who is put in trust with his master’s goods. This is the main point of his stewardship; nothing is his own, it is all his master’s. When he begins to open an account of his own, it is wonderful how apt he is to mistake what is his master’s, and to call it his own; and by-and-by he gets into a muddle, and cannot distinguish his master’s accounts from his own. Oh, it is a glorious thing when you have not any “own”; when you do not live for yourself at all, but wholly for Christ! Then you will not make any blunders; there will not be any of Christ’s property getting into your cash account, so that you will have a difficulty in disentangling it. “No man that warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life,” for he can say,- “’Tis done, the great transaction’s done,  I am my Lord’s.”

 

3.7.                     This parable also brings to our minds the fact that we as God’s people have a responsibility with the money and goods of this world that the Lord has allowed us in His grace to possess.  The following quote and illustration by Wiersbe reveals the importance of being good stewards to the Lord of all of our money and goods.  Warren Wiersbe in his commentary of Proverbs has written the following about his own life and the fact that we as Christians need to learn what it means to be faithful stewards, “I was a “depression baby” and the text my sister and two brothers and I learned to live by was, “Use it up, wear it out; make it do, or do without.” Our parents taught us the difference between luxuries and necessities, and they didn’t try to impress the neighbors by purchasing things they didn’t need with money they couldn’t afford to spend. But that philosophy of life seems to have almost disappeared.  Today if you talk about hard work, wise stewardship, the dangers of debt, and the importance of accountability before God, somebody is bound to smile (or laugh out loud) and tell you that times have changed.  Our Heavenly Father knows that His children have needs that must be met (Matt. 6:32); in our modern society, this means we must have money to procure them.  But our most important task isn’t to earn money; our most important task is to be the kind of people God can trust with money, people who are faithful in the way we use what God gives us. “But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you” (Matt. 6:33, NKJV).

 

3.8.                     Being a good and faithful steward of Christ’s involves a life of service to others, “The great violinist Nicolo Paganini willed his marvelous violin to the city of Genoa, on condition that it must never again be played upon. Wood while used and handled wears but slightly. Discarded it begins to decay. The lovely-toned violin has become worm-eaten and useless. It is only a reminder that a life withdrawn from service to others becomes quite useless.

 

3.9.                     In the book, “Living a Full Life : A Pictorial Interpretation of the Ten Commandments,” the author writes the following concerning the positive aspect of the eighth of the ten commandments, “Thou shall not steal” :

This commandment concerns good stewardship of our possessions and refraining from damaging or stealing other people’s possessions. Gordon Spykman once wrote that ‘There are roughly four kinds of people in the world.

“What is yours is mine, and I’ll take it,” says the robber.

“What is mine is mine, and I’ll keep it,” says the miser.

“What is mine is yours, so I’ll share it,” says the humanist.

“What is mine is God’s, so I’ll share it,” says the Christian.’

Which category applies to you?

We must remember that none of our possessions really belongs to us. All that we have is a gift from God. In Psalm 24:1 we read, ‘The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it; …’ Jesus says, ‘… do not worry about your life, what you will eat or drink; or about your body what you will wear, but first seek the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you.’ Also read Matthew 6:25–34.

3.10.                This concept of stewardship is really all encompassing in our lives as Christians for it involves every area of our life.  One area of stewardship that we who are parents must take seriously is the raising of our children in such a way as they will grow up to serve the Lord.

 

3.11.                Just as happened with these slaves in this parable, the parable teaches us that there will eventually come a time when each one of God’s people will have to “give account” of himself to the Lord.  One day, there will be a judgment of believers which is called the “Bema Judgment” in 1 Cor. chapter 3.  On that day, believers will be rewarded for their faithfulness in completing the works that they have been called to complete for Christ in this life.  Each one of God’s people is a steward and for his/her stewardship he/she will give account to the Lord on that day.

 

3.11.1.                     There are many places in the Old and New Testaments where scripture tells us that we will all have to stand before the Lord for judgment.  For instance, Paul wrote the following in Romans 14:10-12, “10 But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you regard your brother with contempt? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God. 11 For it is written, “As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to Me, And every tongue shall give praise to God.” 12 So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God.”

 

3.11.2.                     It is not only pastors and church leaders who will give an account of all that they have done in this life to the Lord, rather every single Christian from the oldest to the youngest, across every culture and nationality.

 

3.12.                We see from this parable that the reward of faithful stewardship in this life is further promotion and responsibilities in the world to come, ruling over cities during Christ’s Millennial Kingdom.  Ruling over cities in this way will be a glorious privilege for those who earn it. 

 

3.13.                When you think about it, the Lord rewards each of us His children many times (a hundred fold) more than what we deserve, even for our being faithful.  The Lord is responsible for almost everything that happens whenever, for instance, we share the gospel with a person and they accept Christ and are saved.  Our part in that process is miniscule in comparison to the part that the Lord plays in bringing such a miraculous work about.  Our very rewards in heaven will be tremendous eternal reminders of God’s grace and mercy in our lives.

 

3.14.                Various levels of faithfulness are demonstrated by these three slaves in this parable.  The first two slaves are declared to be good and faithful slaves earning rewards proportional to their faithfulness.  The third man is found to be unfaithful and has no reward but instead will be punished.  The first man’s mina has earned him a profit of ‘ten minas more’ for a total of eleven.  The second man’s mina has earned him a profit of five minas.

 

3.15.                The third man in the parable however was unfaithful.

 

3.15.1.                     Instead of acting like a good steward with the charge he had been given to do business for the king with his mina, he instead hid the mina in a handkerchief. 

 

3.15.2.                     This third man acknowledges that he has received this mina from the Lord, however just acknowledging that what we have has come to us from the Lord is not enough, a person must be a faithful steward with that which the Lord has entrusted to him, he must ‘do business’ with it for the Lord.

 

3.15.3.                     Jesus rebukes the man because he could have at least placed the mina in a bank account so it could earn some interest.  Plus, being hidden as it was the mina was subject to being stolen or being corrupted.

 

3.15.4.                     This man is just like unbelievers today and how they regard the Lord.  Do they not build up a big case against God?  He rejected the king and rebelled against him, and in order to appease his conscience he concocts in his mind that the king is a harsh man who cannot be trusted.  He has built a great big case against the king however he does not truly know his king.  He charges that he knew that the king was ‘an exacting man’ who takes away that which does not belong to him.  He reasons that he knew that if he did well in business that this king would just take away all of his profit and that if he did not do well that the king would take his profit anyway.  However, the king’s reckoning with the first two slaves proves how wrong this slave was about the true character of his king.

 

3.15.5.                     The mina that had been given to this third slave is taken away now and given to the slave who had gained ten minas.

 

3.16.                When one complains about the man who has ten minas getting the unfaithful steward’s mina, Jesus reveals the generosity of the Lord in meting out rewards here by stating, ‘to everyone who has, more shall be given, but from the one who does not have, even what he does have shall be taken away.’

 

3.17.                Jesus finally tells us the sober truth of what will happen to the people on this earth who refuse to allow the Lord to rule over their lives, He says, ‘these enemies of mine, who did not want me to reign over them, bring them here and slay them in my presence.’  This statement serves as a symbol of the eternal punishment that awaits all of those who reject Christ in this life.       

 

4.     CONCLUSIONS:

 

4.1.                     As we consider this study and how the lessons from it apply to our life, lets first of all be committed to showing the fruits of our salvation as does this man Zaccheus. 

 

4.1.1.  Lets be careful of the way that we view money and people and see ourselves as a benefactor to others and use our affluence to be a benefit to others.

 

4.1.2.  Remember to practice making restitution to others if you should wrong them.

 

4.1.3.  Lets be like Jesus and always seek to initiate relationships with people in order to bring them to the Savior.

 

4.2.                     Lets remember that we are merely stewards of the things that God has given to us.  The things that we have are not our own, they have been entrusted to us by the Lord, so lets use them prayerfully and at the Lord’s leading in our life. 

 

4.3.                     Lets be faithful financial stewards, and always remember that all that in all that we have and that we do that we are to be found to be good and faithful stewards to the Lord.

 

4.4.                     Lets be faithful stewards of our gifts and ministries that the Lord has given to us.

 

4.5.                     Don’t forget that one day you shall give an account of all that you do in this life.

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