Luke 17:20-37:  Questioned About When God's Kingdom Will Come, Jesus Tells His Disciples About His Second Coming

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.     INTRO:

 

1.1.                     In our last study, we looked at verses 1-19 of chapter 17.  In this section of scriptures we saw that:

 

1.1.1.  Jesus taught His disciples four different lessons:

 

1.1.1.1.      A warning about causing anyone to stumble in their faith.

 

1.1.1.2.      A teaching that we are to rebuke those whom we discover to be in sin, yet forgive them if they come to repentance.

 

1.1.1.3.      A lesson on the effectiveness of the smallest amount of faith, the faith of a mustard seed.

 

1.1.1.4.      A teaching that God’s people are always to consider themselves as God’s slaves and unworthy of any of His blessings or goodness.

 

1.1.2.  Jesus healed ten lepers however only one turned back to thank Him.

 

1.2.                     In our study today, we are going to look at verses 20-37 of chapter 17.

 

1.2.1.  In these verses, we will see that this is the first of two instances in which someone asked Jesus when the kingdom of God would come.  The other instance occurred in chapter 21 in that chapter that is referred to as the Olivett Discourse, and which is also recorded by Matthew in Matthew 24 and Mark in Mark 13.  In this teaching, Jesus gives an abbreviated answer to this question which is expanded in chapter 21.  Jesus taught the same principles on multiple occasions.

 

1.2.2.  We will see in these verses that though Jesus gives an abbreviated response that none the less there are many important truths that are taught here by Jesus which have to do with the end times and God’s purposes for Jesus.

 

1.2.3.  Jesus will compare the consummation of God’s Kingdom with the time before the flood during Noah’s day which caused the annihilation of all mankind except those who were on the Ark with Noah, and the days before the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah by God during Lot’s day.

 

1.2.4.  In this teaching of Jesus, Jesus is speaking about the days before His Second Advent, which will occur at the end of this present age, after the events of the 7 year tribulation of the book of Revelation.  The destruction that occurred in Jerusalem in 70 A.D. is not referred to by Jesus in this teaching.  Jesus was answering the question here of when God’s kingdom would come and the event in 70 A.D. was a judgment of the nation of Israel.

 

1.2.5.  Billy Graham has said, “There is an inscription in the dome of our Capitol in Washington which few people know about. It says: “One far-off divine event toward which the whole creation moves.” A visitor saw this inscription and asked the guide what it meant. He said: “I think it refers to the second coming of Christ.” When the dome of our Capitol was erected, some God-fearing official ordered that inscription to be etched in the dome of our seat of government, believing that its truth was vital to the concern of our nation.”

 

2.     VS 17:20-21  - 20 Now having been questioned by the Pharisees as to when the kingdom of God was coming, He answered them and said, “The kingdom of God is not coming with signs to be observed; 21 nor will they say, ‘Look, here it is!’ or, ‘There it is!’ For behold, the kingdom of God is in your midst.” -  When asked by some Pharisees about when God’s kingdom was coming, Jesus says first of all that the kingdom of God ‘is not coming with signs to be observed’ and that it is actually ‘in your midst’

 

2.1.                     The source of this question about the timing of the coming of God’s kingdom is some Pharisees.  Though we have seen the growing hatred of the Pharisees for Jesus and that they were now plotting how to kill Him, the motive for this question is not given and it is possibly unimportant for us to know this detail.

 

2.2.                     Jesus’ answer that the kingdom of God will not come ‘with signs to be observed’ reveals that the arrival of God’s kingdom will be quite a different event than the consummation of His kingdom.  The first advent of Christ was one that revealed the humbled suffering Savior for mankind in which the emphasis was Jesus’ death upon the cross to make atonement for the sins of mankind.  The second advent of Christ is still a future event and it will be a time of exaltation for the glorious and exalted king Jesus as He executes justice and vengeance upon His enemies, and as He takes His throne and begins the reign of His Millennial Kingdom upon the earth.

 

2.3.                     The first advent of Christ came with signs for but a few upon the earth, including Mary, Joseph, Zacharias, Elizabeth, some shepherds, some wise men from Mesopotania.  The rest of the world was unaware of what great things were occurring upon the earth in fulfillment of God’s plan to establish His kingdom upon the earth.  Thus, Jesus was correct in stating that God’s kingdom would not arrive with signs to be observed.  The Second Advent of Christ will be a different story when it arrives, there will be many signs to be observed at that time (see Luke 21;  Matt. 24;  Mark 13).

 

2.4.                     A book called Concise Theology that I found in my Bible software has the following quote concerning Christ’s Second Advent, “The New Testament repeatedly announces that Jesus Christ will one day be back. This will be his “royal visit,” his “appearing” and “coming” (Greek: parousia). Christ will return to this world in glory. The Savior’s second advent will be personal and physical (Matt. 24:44; Acts 1:11; Col. 3:4; 2 Tim. 4:8; Heb. 9:28), visible and triumphant (Mark 8:38; 2 Thess. 1:10; Rev. 1:7). Jesus comes to end history, to raise the dead and judge the world (John 5:28-29), to impart to God’s children their final glory (Rom. 8:17-18; Col. 3:4), and to usher in a reconstructed universe (Rom. 8:19-21; 2 Pet. 3:10-13). His execution of this agenda will be the last phase and final triumph of his mediatorial kingdom. Once these things are done, the applying of redemption against Satanic opposition, which was the specific work of the kingdom, will be over. When Paul says that Christ then “hands over the kingdom” and becomes subject to the Father (1 Cor. 15:24-28), he is not implying any diminution in Christ’s subsequent honor, but is signifying the completion of the plan for bringing the elect to heaven that the risen Son was enthroned to carry through. The elect in glory, purified and perfected, will forever honor the Lamb as the one who was able to open the book of God’s plan for the accomplishing and applying of redemption in history, and make what was planned happen (Rev. 5).”

 

2.5.                     The Kingdom of God arrived when Jesus was conceived of the virgin Mary and then born in Bethlehem, and thus the translation we are using here for the phrase the kingdom of God is in your midst brings out what I believe Jesus is trying to communicate about His kingdom.  Jesus is here therefore His kingdom is here.  Some translations have confused the interpretation of this phrase by rendering the phrase ‘the kingdom of God is within you.’  Jesus would never have told some Pharisees that the kingdom of God was ‘within’ them because this contradicts what the scriptures teach us about the fact that Christ is not within unbelievers and that salvation occurs in a person’s life when he/she receives Christ in his/her life.  In fact, the New Testament expresses the truth that salvation involves receiving Christ into your life in many ways, including:

 

2.5.1.  “…Christ in you, the hope of glory,” (Col. 1:27).

 

2.5.2.  1 John 5:12, “12 He who has the Son has the life; he who does not have the Son of God does not have the life.”

 

2.6.                     The doctrine of the rapture of the church is not in focus in this teaching by Jesus.  The doctrine of the rapture is taught in 1 Thess. 4:14-18, “14 For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. 15 For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. 16 For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. 18 Therefore comfort one another with these words.”  The rapture of the church will occur prior to the 7 year Tribulation, and the seven year Tribulation will be followed by the Second Coming of Christ.

 

3.     VS 17:22  - 22 And He said to the disciples, “The days will come when you will long to see one of the days of the Son of Man, and you will not see it. -  Jesus told His disciples that there will come a time when they ‘will long to see one of the days of the Son of Man’

 

3.1.                     In this verse, Jesus refers to the fact that one day He is going to leave His disciples and that at that time they will eagerly yearn for His return.  All of those who know Jesus as their personal Lord and Savior today do in fact long and yearn for Him to return for them and establish His kingdom upon the earth, thus, for instance, the phrase “Maranatha” (“Come quickly Lord”) is found in the New Testament (1 Cor. 16:22).

 

3.2.                     In the phrase, ‘the days of the Son of Man,’ Jesus is not saying here that His disciples will yearn for the days of Jesus’ earthly life, rather the emphasis is that of longing for the future eternal kingdom of the risen and glorified Savior that the disciples will long for.

 

4.     VS 17:23-24  - 23 “They will say to you, ‘Look there! Look here!’ Do not go away, and do not run after them. 24 “For just like the lightning, when it flashes out of one part of the sky, shines to the other part of the sky, so will the Son of Man be in His day. -  Jesus tells His disciples that when He returns that it will be unmistakable therefore they should never be led astray by those saying, ‘Look there!  Look Here!’

 

4.1.                     In verse 23, when Jesus tells His disciples not to go away or run after people saying to look here or there, He may be referring to the false Christ’s that He tells us in Matt. 24:4-5 will be around in the days leading up to His Second Advent, “4 And Jesus answered and said to them, “See to it that no one misleads you. 5 “For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will mislead many.  In this Olivett Discourse in Matt. 24, the first sign that Jesus points to in regard to the coming of God’s Kingdom is the emerging of many false Christ’s. 

 

4.1.1.  I believe that the many false Christ’s that we have in our world today, men claiming to be God or Jesus Christ, is a fulfillment of these words and an indication that we are very close to Jesus’ Second Coming.  Maitreya, for instance, is a man today who believes that He is Jesus Christ.

 

4.2.                     In verse 24, Jesus speaks of the suddenness of His appearing at His Second Advent.  Lightning travels across the sky at the speed of light and Jesus tells us that when He finally appears for His Second Advent that He will appear suddenly just like a flash of lightning across in the sky.

 

4.3.                     Spurgeon in his preaching has said the following about Christ’s Second Advent, “What a comfort it is to us to think that our name is on one of the stones of that glorious breastplate! He is glorious, too, in his second advent. We expect him soon to come. It is earth’s highest hope, the church’s most fervent prayer. Come quickly, Lord Jesus! To see thee we would fain give up the sight of everything beneath the stars. To see the King in his beauty come riding through the streets! To behold him with the rainbow wreath and robes of storm! Ay, but to have one glimpse of that great white throne, though it were but a distance! But to hear him say one word was a kind of everlasting heaven; but for once to have seen him, but for once to have heard him! It might make men content to bear a thousand trials, but for once with heart, and eye, and soul, to drink a full draught of the glory of Christ. Brethren, our soul fires as we proceed, and we long to praise and sing.

 

On another occasion Spurgeon preached, “…Our Lord’s first coming in our flesh hath given us eternal salvation; His coming to us by His Spirit hath wrought in us a living faith, and His second coming by-and-by is the grand object of our hope. That day and hour no man knoweth, for the Father keepeth it in his own power; but the consummation of all our hopes is wrapped up in it, and therefore do we cry, “Come quickly; even so, Lord Jesus, come quickly. Amen.” So, you see, brethren, it is the presence of God with us in Christ which is the ground of all our hope.”

 

5.     VS 17:25  - 25 “But first He must suffer many things and be rejected by this generation. -  Jesus tells His disciples that before the ushering in of God’s Kingdom that He must first suffer many things and be rejected by that generation

 

5.1.                     This is now the sixth time in the book of Luke that Jesus has referred to His impending death and being taken away from His disciples.

 

5.2.                     By Jesus using the phrase ‘this generation’ this reveals that in the mind of God it was not just the Jews that brought about the crucifixion of Jesus upon Calvary’s Cross, but rather a whole generation of people who were influenced by wickedness such that Jesus ended up being crucified.  In reality, we have to also lay accountability upon the wicked spirits in high places in this world who influenced the men who brought about Jesus’ crucifixion.

 

6.     VS 17:26-27  - 26 “And just as it happened in the days of Noah, so it will be also in the days of the Son of Man: 27 they were eating, they were drinking, they were marrying, they were being given in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark, and the flood came and destroyed them all. -  Jesus compares the people in the day when He returns as being like the generation of people who perished during the flood of Noah’s day

 

6.1.                     Jesus now gives two examples from the Old Testament when God brought about catastrophic judgment upon the people on the earth, the Great Flood in Noah’s Day, and the destruction of the city of Sodom and Gomorrah by God.

 

6.2.                     Note here in Jesus referring to these two events that He truly believed that these events were not a myth or fabrication, nor an allegory, but rather that they occurred in just the way in which the Old Testament tells us that they occurred.  Noah was a real man, a real flood occurred which destroyed mankind, and this flood came after Noah and his family ‘entered the ark.’ 

 

6.3.                     Also notice, that the destruction that occurred with the flood and the destruction of Sodom came about not as some kind of natural catastrophe but rather it was the Lord that caused these events.

 

6.4.                     So, Jesus tells us that just as happened in Noah’s day that when He appears for the second time that people will be going on about their lives, ‘eating,’ ‘drinking,’ and ‘marrying,’ and the emphasis here is the fact that the people will be living their lives for themselves and their own desires and plans with little or no thought of God.  Then, when the catastrophic judgment from God comes upon them they will not be expecting it.

 

6.4.1.  These verses are a warning to all people not to get carried away in the world and the things of the world and forget about the importance of serving and obeying the Lord, fulfilling His plan in your life.  Many Christian people in our day never or rarely come to church because of the fact that they have simply gotten caught up in the world and the things of the world and that they have allowed other things in their lives have precedence and priority over God.  Today, though they may not recognize it, they love the world more than they love God.

 

6.5.                     This teaching by Jesus also dispels the false notion that some have had that before Jesus’ Second Coming that every person on the earth shall come to have saving faith in Christ.  This is the belief of those who call themselves “Postmillennialist’s.”

 

7.     VS 17:28-30 – 28 “It was the same as happened in the days of Lot: they were eating, they were drinking, they were buying, they were selling, they were planting, they were building; 29 but on the day that Lot went out from Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven and destroyed them all. 30 “It will be just the same on the day that the Son of Man is revealed. -  Jesus compares the people in the day when He shall return as being like the generation of people who perished in Sodom and Gomorrah during Lot’s day

 

7.1.                     Judgment came from God in Lot’s day in the identical way as it had come in the days of Noah.  People were going about their lives, giving little or no thought of God, doing whatever their hearts desired.  They were ‘eating,’ ‘drinking,’ ‘buying,’ ‘selling,’ ‘planting,’ and ‘building.’  Then, when catastrophic judgment came from God they were taken completely off guard.

 

7.2.                     Jesus tells His disciples that on the day when He returns that things in this world will be going along just as they were in the days of Lot before the city was destroyed in judgment by the Lord.

 

7.3.                     Again, we see that Jesus believed a literal interpretation of the destruction of Sodom.  Notice here that the judgment that was carried out upon Sodom is described, for it says that the Lord ‘rained fire and brimstone from heaven and destroyed them all.’  The wording sounds like a great divine volcano spewed out a pyroclastic cloud that killed the inhabitants of Sodom.

 

8.     VS 17:31  - 31 “On that day, the one who is on the housetop and whose goods are in the house must not go down to take them out; and likewise the one who is in the field must not turn back. -  Jesus tells His disciples that on the day when His appearing is immanent that they should immediately flee the impending disaster and not return to their houses

 

8.1.                     This verse has some complexity because of the fact that we have to determine who it is that Jesus is referring to.  Is this a warning given to the Jews, the people of the city of Jerusalem, or a global warning that pertains to all people?  It is possible that we will not know the importance of this warning and who is being referenced until the day that Jesus returns.

 

8.2.                     The houses in the middle east tend to have flat roofs and people spend much time upon their rooftops.  Rooftops have an outer staircase by which people can access the house without having to enter the house.  The warning here is that when a person sees that the Lord is immediately to return that he is wise to flee as soon as possible without going back into his house to retrieve his possessions.

 

9.     VS 17:32-33  - 32 “Remember Lot’s wife. 33 “Whoever seeks to keep his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life will preserve it. -  Jesus tells His disciples to remember Lot’s wife and that whoever tries to keep his life will lose it and whoever loses his life will preserve it

 

9.1.                     In the story of the destruction of Sodom found in Genesis chapter 19, we read that when the angels were driving Lot and his wife from the city of Sodom so that the Lord could destroy it they were commanded not to look back towards the city, however Lot’s wife so longed for the things of this world that she rebelled against the angels’ command and looked back towards the city of Sodom, at which time she turned into a pillar of salt.

 

9.2.                     Lot’s wife is a metaphor to us today not to get too caught up in admiration for this world and the things of this world.  The allure of the world can take a person out of God’s will for his/her life and bring about judgment from God and causing a person to miss out on all of the truly important and blessed events in life.  You have to lose your life to Jesus in order to save it, but if you try to save your life for yourself you are going to lose it. 

 

10.            VS 17:34-37  - 34 “I tell you, on that night there will be two in one bed; one will be taken and the other will be left. 35 “There will be two women grinding at the same place; one will be taken and the other will be left. 36 [“Two men will be in the field; one will be taken and the other will be left.”] 37 And answering they said to Him, “Where, Lord?” And He said to them, “Where the body is, there also the vultures will be gathered.”” -  Jesus teaches His disciples that His Second Advent will bring about the separation of God’s people from those who are not God’s people

 

10.1.                Here we see that above all else that the occurrence of Jesus’ Second Coming will bring about final and eternal separation between people, all based upon whether or not a person is one of God’s people or not.  Just as Jesus’ teaching about the rich man and Lazarus who had died and were in Hades illustrated, the things that we do and believe in this life will determine where we will spend eternity and whether or not we shall be in comfort and joy, or in torments and awaiting final judgment at the Great White Throne of Revelation chapter 20.  After we have died it is too late to change our eternal destination.

 

10.2.                Jesus tells us that there will be two in one bed, one will be taken and the other left.  Two women will be grinding at the same place, one will be taken and the other left.  To men will be working in the field, one will be taken and one will be left. 

 

10.3.                The rapture of the church which will occur prior to the 7 year Tribulation is not being referenced here.  There will be people who will come to know the Lord during the 7 year Tribulation and thus when Jesus appears at the end of that tribulation period, the ones who have become God’s people will be taken by the angels and united with the rest of God’s people while the rest will be left to the judgments that will occur.  These tribulation saints are I believe the ones who will be taken on this day.  Jesus taught about this gathering together of the tribulation saints by the angels in Matt. 24:31, “31 “And He will send forth His angels with a great trumpet and they will gather together His elect from the four winds, from one end of the sky to the other.

 

10.4.                Verse 37 is a bit of a mystery to me and has been variously interpreted.  The body has been considered by some to be Israel, Jerusalem, the church, Jesus, etc.  The vultures have been speculated to be demons, the government of the anti-Christ, etc.  Perhaps Jesus is just warning everyone of the severity of the coming judgment at His Second Advent and admonishing people to get right with God.

 

11.            CONCLUSIONS:

 

11.1.                As we consider the hope that we Christians have of the Lord’s soon return for us, His people, how this hope ought to give us stability and joy in the midst of the many difficulties that we experience in each of our days.  Many churches do not teach about the return of Christ however this truth from the scriptures ought to be regularly taught because of how we need this truth and the hope that it brings in our lives. 

 

11.2.                Spurgeon once preached about how that knowing that the Lord is one day going to return to the earth and consummate His kingdom has the effect of bringing about moral purity in a person’s life, “Already I have given to you, in this description of our position, the very best argument for a holy life. If it be so, my brethren, ye are not of the world even as Jesus is not of the world. If this be so, that before you blazes the supernatural splendor of the second advent, and behind you burns the everlasting light of the Redeemer’s first appearing, what manner of people ought ye to be! If, indeed, you be but journeying through this present world, suffer not your hearts to be defiled with its sins; learn not the manner of speech of these aliens through whose country you are passing. Is it not written, “The people shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the nations?” “Come ye out from among them, and be ye separate, touch not the unclean thing,” for the Lord hath said, “I will be a Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters.””

 

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