Luke 12:1-21:  “Jesus Prepares Disciples For Persecution By Speaking of Future Judgment & Telling of Greater Importance Of The After Life

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.     INTRO:

 

1.1.                     In our last study, we looked at chapter 11 verses 33 through 54.

 

1.1.1.  Jesus admonished His disciples about the proper usage of a lamp, and then applied this principle to their lives.

 

1.1.2.  Now in this last couple weeks of His life, we saw that Jesus was beginning to have more virulent and hostile confrontations with the Pharisees as He now began to openly condemn them and pronounce judgment woes upon them. 

 

1.1.3.  A Pharisee invited Jesus to have lunch with him and then as often happened over Jesus’ lunches, controversy broke out.  Jesus and the Pharisee got into a discussion over what true righteousness consisted of.  Jesus taught this Pharisee that you have to be clean on the inside as well as the external of your life and that the most important part to have clean is the internal part.

 

1.1.4.  Jesus condemned the Pharisees and scribes by pronouncing three judgment woes upon the Pharisees followed by three judgment woes upon the scribes (lawyers) of His day.

 

1.2.                     In our study today, we are going to look at the first 22 verses of chapter 12.

 

1.2.1.  In these verses, we will see that though the multitudes are thronging around Jesus that He is intent upon teaching His disciples some important truths and lessons and preparing them for the persecution and tribulations that they will begin to experience after He has been raised from the dead and the church is inaugurated. 

 

1.2.2.  Jesus will speak to His disciples about the reality of a future judgment in which they will have to give account for the deeds performed in their bodies.

 

1.2.3.  Jesus tells His disciples several things bent upon instilling in them the importance of doing things in their life which will have importance in the afterlife rather than just be concerned with the things of this temporal life.

 

2.     VS 12:1  - 1 Under these circumstances, after so many thousands of people had gathered together that they were stepping on one another, He began saying to His disciples first of all, “Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. -  Having confronted the Pharisees about the fact that true righteousness involves cleansing of the internal attitudes and motives of the heart, Jesus warns His disciples now to beware of the leaven of the Pharisees

 

2.1.                     The phrase ‘under these circumstances’ refers to the previous verse in chapter 11 where we read that the Pharisees were furious with Jesus and asking Him questions seeking if there was something that they might catch Him saying so that they might be able to put Him to death.

 

2.2.                     The first thing that we notice in this verse is the incredible popularity of Jesus at this point in time.  We see that many thousands of people had gathered together to see and to hear Him.  It says that there were so many people there that they were actually stepping on one other trying to get to Jesus.

 

2.3.                     We will see soon that the people following Jesus at this point in time turn out to be very fickle for they really have no dedication to Him.  When the people realize the true nature of His life and ministry, they will turn back in droves from following Him.  For now Jesus is experiencing incredible popularity.

 

2.4.                     Although He is the subject of attention of this large crowd, Jesus is focused instead on trying to communicate to His disciples.  He realized that though the people had come to see and hear Him that they do not in reality want to hear the truth of the gospel message, therefore for Jesus to spend His time preaching to them concerning His coming kingdom would not produce much lasting fruit.  Jesus is instead trying to communicate important and timely principles to His disciples at this time.

 

2.5.                     Jesus tells His disciples first of all to ‘beware of the leaven of the Pharisees.’ 

 

2.5.1.  In the scriptures, we see that the metaphor of ‘leaven’ often occurs.  In general, in the scriptures ‘leaven’ symbolizes sin in people’s lives.  This spiritual symbol of ‘leaven’ began when the Lord delivered the children of Israel from Egypt and bondage in the days of Moses.  We read in Exod. 12:14-20 that after the children of Israel were told to remove all ‘leaven’ from their households before the Lord delivered them from Egypt that the Lord instituted the Feast of Unleavened bread which was to be a yearly remembrance to the Israelites of their being delivered from bondage and Egypt, “14 ‘Now this day will be a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as a permanent ordinance. 15 ‘Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall remove leaven from your houses; for whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day, that person shall be cut off from Israel. 16 ‘On the first day you shall have a holy assembly, and another holy assembly on the seventh day; no work at all shall be done on them, except what must be eaten by every person, that alone may be prepared by you. 17 ‘You shall also observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations as a permanent ordinance. 18 ‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. 19 ‘Seven days there shall be no leaven found in your houses; for whoever eats what is leavened, that person shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land. 20 ‘You shall not eat anything leavened; in all your dwellings you shall eat unleavened bread.’ ”  Notice that prior to the feast that they were to remove all ‘leaven’ from their households for one week.  The importance of holiness and self examination for the Israelites is symbolized by this ‘leaven,’ you see.

 

2.5.2.  Paul wrote to the Corinthians in 1 Cor. 5:6 and to the Galatians in Gal. 5:9 that “a little leaven leavens the whole lump.”  This saying implies the “importance” of the metaphor of ‘leaven’ in the scriptures.  Leaven,’ which of course we know of as “yeast,” is a bacteria and as such it grows and spreads wherever it is found.  Yeast” is what causes bread to rise as it grows and spreads in a batch of dough.  In the same way, sin spreads like wildfire when it is allowed to run unchecked in peoples’ lives.  Not only is the person himself who sins caused to continually become more corrupt if he does not deal with his sin, others also are influenced and enticed by the sin in that person’s life.

 

2.6.                     Jesus explains here that what He means by the Pharisee’s ‘leaven’ is their ‘hypocrisy.’  The ‘hypocrisy’ of the Pharisees was a sin that was causing the entire nation to stumble as they by their actions and teachings were keeping the people from being able to come into God’s kingdom.  Leaven’ tends to cause bread to puff up and the Pharisees were puffed up in their pride because of their teachings.  Their ‘hypocrisy’ was in saying one thing and doing another, in teaching strict observance of the law while also having lawless hearts and minds.

 

2.7.                     The Pharisees claimed to be righteous in the sight of God and have a corner on God’s kingdom however the righteousness in their life was only external and demonstrated in rites and rituals that they performed.  They had no internal righteousness as the motives and intentions of their heart were anything but godly and they did not consider this fact to be an issue in their life.  They did many good deeds however they did them for the wrong motives, therefore in the sight of God they were in reality unrighteous. 

 

3.     VS 12:2-3  - 2 “But there is nothing covered up that will not be revealed, and hidden that will not be known. 3 “Accordingly, whatever you have said in the dark will be heard in the light, and what you have whispered in the inner rooms will be proclaimed upon the housetops. -  Jesus tells His disciples that everything said or done will be revealed and bought to light

 

3.1.                     We see here the sobering warning of coming judgment by Jesus.  In these verses, Jesus is teaching His disciples about the fact that though people in this life try their best to hide their evil deeds which they perform that in the day of judgment that all of the evil things that anyone has said or done shall be revealed and become a public matter. 

 

3.2.                     As was mentioned concerning verse 1, this teaching has followed Jesus’ condemnation of the Pharisees in which He condemned them for having external righteousness only, not internal righteousness in their lives. 

 

3.3.                     Fearing the revelation of our sinful deeds in the day of judgment ought to cause all people to live uprightly and thus to be found having nothing to be ashamed of in that day. 

 

3.4.                     For non-believers God’s judgment will be eternal separation from God for eternity in the Lake of Fire (see Rev. 20), but for believers our judgment will be before the “Bema Seat” of Christ and will be a judgment of rewards not of condemnation.  However, even in the judgment of believers each of us as believers will have to give a full account of our lives to the Lord, including every idle word which we might have spoken in this life (see Matt. 12:36).  Evidently, this judgment will be performed in public and everyone’s deeds whether good or bad will be made known.

 

4.     VS 12:4-5  - 4 “I say to you, My friends, do not be afraid of those who kill the body and after that have no more that they can do. 5 “But I will warn you whom to fear: fear the One who, after He has killed, has authority to cast into hell; yes, I tell you, fear Him! -  Jesus tells His disciples not to fear men who can only kill the body but rather to fear the Lord who after He has killed has authority to cast into hell

 

4.1.                     Notice that Jesus called His disciples His ‘friends.’  In every sense of the word, Jesus considers all of His disciples to be His ‘friends.’  In another passage Jesus told His disciples that He called them friends because He had revealed everything to them about the Father, holding nothing back (see John 15:15).  Though we are Jesus’ ‘friends,’ there is still a very significant reason for us to have the utmost reverence for the Lord and that is because we are going to stand before Him in judgment to give account for the deeds we have done in our body.

 

4.2.                     Having just encouraged His disciples that every deed that a person performs shall be brought to light on the day of judgment, Jesus now tells them that they should not be afraid of persecution that comes at the hands of men, for those who might kill your physical body cannot affect your eternal state or status.    

 

4.3.                     When you think about it, if a person killed you because you are a Christian, they would just help you out since the next instant you would be right there in the Lord’s presence and enjoying the joys and blessings of eternity.  In the first place, this is where we as Christians all long to be. 

 

4.4.                     If you are persecuted but not unto death because you are a Christian, you will be blessed as well. 

 

4.4.1.  First of all, you will receive a great reward that you will enjoy for all eternity for having suffered persecution because of being a Christian. 

 

4.4.2.  Secondly, the person persecuting you will really end up being a blessing in your life because the trials of persecution will cause a purification in your heart and life that you will be eternally grateful for.

 

4.5.                     The conclusion is that it is foolish to be afraid of being persecuted.  Being persecuted as a Christian can only be used by the Lord for good in your life.

 

4.6.                     I do want to mention that how we deal with our trials, tribulations, and persecutions is very important and determines the blessings we will experience and the rewards we will receive.  If you deal with trials, tribulations, and persecutions in the power of your flesh then you will just end up losing your joy and getting angry and bitter.  Plus, you will lose the reward you would receive from the Lord.

 

5.     VS 12:6-7  - 6 “Are not five sparrows sold for two cents? Yet not one of them is forgotten before God. 7 “Indeed, the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Do not fear; you are more valuable than many sparrows. -  Jesus tells His disciples of their great worth to the Lord and the fact that the Lord knows all about them

 

5.1.                     In order to be prepared for the persecution that they will experience once the church begins to function, the disciples need to know how much the Lord loves and thinks about each of them.

 

5.2.                     Jesus makes an argument here from the lesser to the greater.  In the market place, there was nothing that could be purchased for less of a price than a sparrow.  The poor would sometimes purchase sparrows to eat because they were so cheap.  Jesus says that if not a single sparrow is forgotten by God, then how much the more will the Lord be aware of our needs and also provide for us. 

 

5.3.                     On this earth the Lord only created people in His image and thus we have an importance that other life forms on the earth do not.  Many people in our day want to believe that animals are just as important to the Lord as people, however the Lord reveals here that any person is more valuable to Him than many sparrows.

 

5.4.                     The Lord is so intimately aware of every one of the smallest details in each of our lives that Jesus says here that the very hairs on our head are numbered to the Lord.

 

6.     VS 12:8-9  - 8 “And I say to you, everyone who confesses Me before men, the Son of Man will confess him also before the angels of God; 9 but he who denies Me before men will be denied before the angels of God.-  Jesus warns His disciples that if they do not confess Him before men that He will deny them before the angels of God

 

6.1.                     It is a difficult thing to tell people of your faith in Christ when your life is not in danger for doing so, however if you risk dying a martyr’s death it is so much harder to tell of your faith. 

 

6.2.                     Jesus admonishes His disciples that if they deny Him before men that He will deny them before the Lord (which is what is meant when He says ‘before the angels’), which means that His atonement will not be accounted on their behalf and that they shall spend eternity apart from God.

 

7.     VS 12:10  - 10 “And everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but he who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him.”” -  Jesus tells His disciples that anyone who blasphemies against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven

 

7.1.                     In times of persecution, persecutors typically have given Christians the opportunity to deny their faith or blaspheme the Name of Jesus in order to have their life spared.  Here Jesus tells His disciples that speaking against Him in this way can be forgiven by the Lord, however blaspheming the Holy Spirit is something that is unforgiveable.

 

7.2.                     Unfortunately, since Jesus does not explain what He means by ‘blasphemies against the Holy Spirit’ we are left to try and interpret what this unforgiveable sin consists of, and the two most compelling interpretations are:

 

7.2.1.  Seeing the working of God and attributing it to something other than God.

 

7.2.1.1.      We saw already in the book of Luke an example of this sort of thing when the Pharisees saw Jesus cast a demon out of a man healing him of being mute, yet they attributed this miracle to Jesus being in league with Satan (see Luke 11:15).

 

7.2.2.  A general alienation of the Holy Spirit through rebellion and being hard hearted against the Lord.

 

7.3.                     In both of the interpretations above the response that cannot be forgiven is not a one-time or momentary event but rather a full and final rejection of the Lord after seeing much evidence of God’s working over many years.  It is rejection of Jesus that will send anyone to hell and when a person has hardened his heart to the Lord to the point that God cannot reach him then that person’s sin cannot be forgiven and the Lord will cease to try to reach him (see Romans chapter 1).

 

8.     VS 12:11-12  - 11 “When they bring you before the synagogues and the rulers and the authorities, do not worry about how or what you are to speak in your defense, or what you are to say; 12 for the Holy Spirit will teach you in that very hour what you ought to say.” -  Jesus tells His disciples not to worry about how or what they are to speak when they are brought before authorities because of their faith

 

8.1.                     In this verse, Jesus deals with the anxiety that some disciples might have concerning what kind of a witness they might be able to have for the Lord if they are brought before the authorities because of their faith. 

 

8.1.1.  Some believers tend to feel like Moses when the Lord called him to go and to speak to Pharaoh, for they believe that they are not eloquent of speech and would not have the words to say on such a day.  However, just as was the case with Moses, when the Lord works mightily through you eloquence in speaking is not necessary.

 

8.1.2.  Some believers just worry that they will not have the faith and courage to endure persecution when it occurs and thus that they will not stand up to their persecutors.

 

8.2.                     To every disciple Jesus brings assurance that on the day that you shall be brought before the authorities to give an account that the Holy Spirit will ‘teach you in that very hour what you ought to say.’  Supernatural strength and ability is promised to all who will be persecuted for Jesus’ Name and sake.

 

8.3.                     Foxxe’s Book Of Martyrs testifies to the power of the Holy Spirit enabling believers to have great courage and boldness when they are being martyred.  From the book, every single martyr’s account in the early church is a testimony to God’s incredible ability to make good on this promise to give you boldness and  words to speak to your persecutors.

 

9.     VS 12:13-14  - 13 Someone in the crowd said to Him, “Teacher, tell my brother to divide the family inheritance with me.” 14 But He said to him, “Man, who appointed Me a judge or arbitrator over you?” -  Jesus denies a man’s request that He make the man’s brother divide his inheritance with him

 

9.1.                     In the book of Luke this is the second instance of someone coming to Jesus in order to try to persuade Him to intervene for him in someone’s life.  In the previous situation Martha had been doing many preparations in making a meal for Jesus while her sister Mary was sitting at Jesus’ feet listening to Him.  Martha came to Jesus and told Him to tell Mary to help her out with her preparations. 

 

9.2.                     In each case where someone asked Jesus to intervene with another on their behalf we see that Jesus denied their request. 

 

9.3.                     We might ask the question of why Jesus would deny this man’s request?  Here are some possible reasons:

 

9.3.1.  Jesus was trying to get people to concentrate on living for the things that are eternal rather than of this life and thus He refused.

 

9.3.2.  Jesus’ purpose for coming to the earth at this time was not to settle civil matters between people but rather to be the sin sacrifice for the sins of mankind.

 

9.3.3.  This man doesn’t ask Jesus to do an arbitration but rather to go and make his brother divide the inheritance.

 

9.3.4.  The man is possibly a younger brother and doesn’t deserve this inheritance according to Jewish customs.

 

9.3.5.  Typically people in Israel in this day did not divide their inheritances but rather siblings kept them as a shared possession and this man’s desire to separate his from the family’s portion was not done for good and holy reasons, such as those Psalm 133:1 typifies, “1 Behold, how good and how pleasant it is For brothers to dwell together in unity!

 

9.4.                     Possibly there is some of all of the reasons above in Jesus’ choosing not to grant this man’s request to intervene on his behalf against his brother.

 

9.5.                     In our day, many people come to the church and to the Lord for selfish and self-serving reasons.  I was reminded of this fact a couple of times this past week when a couple of people called our church wanting to get a hand out from us.  One woman who called has called our church for this reason at least three times a year for the past five years.  Evidently she makes a living off of handouts from churches and yet her and her husband can never get their lives together enough to meet their own needs.  Yet, even though they don’t attend a church they seem to believe that the church is obligated to provide for them.  This week I found myself tempted to ask the next caller with this request when the last time it was that he/she gave to a church?  If they hadn’t given to a church in a long time why then should they expect the church to give to them?  Why should they believe God is obligated to them when they have no obligation to Him?

 

10.            VS 12:15-21  - 15 Then He said to them, “Beware, and be on your guard against every form of greed; for not even when one has an abundance does his life consist of his possessions.” 16 And He told them a parable, saying, “The land of a rich man was very productive. 17 “And he began reasoning to himself, saying, ‘What shall I do, since I have no place to store my crops?’ 18 “Then he said, ‘This is what I will do: I will tear down my barns and build larger ones, and there I will store all my grain and my goods. 19 ‘And I will say to my soul, “Soul, you have many goods laid up for many years to come; take your ease, eat, drink and be merry.” ’ 20 “But God said to him, ‘You fool! This very night your soul is required of you; and now who will own what you have prepared?’ 21 “So is the man who stores up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God.” -  Jesus teaches His disciples to beware of greed and then He tells them the parable of a foolish rich man who decided to build bigger barns to store his abundance

 

10.1.                Impending persecution for those who would follow Jesus might lead some to choose to live for the things of this life and thus they would become filled with greed. 

 

10.2.                Strongs Enhanced Greek Lexicon has the following entry for this Greek word translated ‘greed’ :

 

4124 πλεονεξία [pleonexia /pleh·on·ex·ee·ah/] n f. From 4123; TDNT 6:266; TDNTA 864; GK 4432; 10 occurrences; AV translates as “covetousness” eight times, “greediness” once, and “covetous practice” once. 1 greedy desire to have more, covetousness, avarice.

10.3.                Lets look first at what is not told us about the man in this parable:

 

10.3.1.                     The man has not stolen to get his goods. 

 

10.3.2.                     He has not lied to get his goods.

 

10.3.3.                     He has not done anything unlawful in getting his goods.

 

10.3.4.                     The man is not derogatorily spoken of because he was rich.

 

10.4.                The man has a very productive land and evidently has had a very successful and abundant harvest of his land.  In other words, the man has had a windfall of good fortune and as a result has come to have good means.

 

10.5.                What the man is judged for is what he chose to do with his over abundance.  The man chooses to spend his over abundance upon himself and thus his focus is selfish and self-centered.  The man chooses to use his huge profits to build many big buildings for storage of his goods so that they will not spoil and that he will be able to sell his goods for a healthy profit over the next year. 

 

10.6.                From a worldly perspective, the man has made a wise investment of his profits.  He has chosen to build big buildings and these buildings will help him now each year to store his abundant crops.  Thereby, the man will continue to just get richer and richer.

 

10.7.                The man has made a huge mistake however, for he doesn’t realize that when he has made himself rich upon the earth that he has made himself poor before heaven.  This very night this man’s life is taken from him and because he had not become rich in eternal things he will receive no eternal rewards.  He will not enjoy a single bit of those earthly profits he has stored up.  This man will evidently spend eternity in hell because he did not live for the Lord in this life but rather for himself.

 

10.8.                Darrell Boch writes the following about this man, “It is important to note that the issue in the parable is not wealth, but how wealth is directed.  The sin is accumulating riches for oneself.  Pilgrim (1981:112) sees three errors:  (1) hoarding one’s possessions, (2) assuming that life can be secured and measured by possessions, and (3) regarding property as one’s own.”  I would add a couple of errors of my own that this man makes:

 

10.8.1.                     He foolishly reasons to himself that he has many goods laid up for himself for many years however in reality he has no assurance that he will live another minute upon this earth.

 

10.8.2.                     He assumes that his riches have been given to him for his own comfort and ease however the Lord intended him to use them for the poor and less fortunate.

 

10.8.3.                     He reasons that when he has built the bigger barns that he will be able to sit down and “eat, drink, and be merry,” however he doesn’t realize that with more riches comes more worry, more work trying to take care of those riches, and that he will never be satisfied but always want more from this world.

 

10.8.4.                     He doesn’t realize that he is an eternal being and that as such it is imperative that he be prepared for life after this life by getting his heart and life right with the Lord and storing up riches in heaven. 

 

10.9.                As I consider this parable a time in my life comes to mind.  About 18 years ago my wife and I went through a period of several months when it just seemed like we were constantly having some kind of a monetary windfall come our way.  I don’t remember all of the ways that money sort of fell in our lap but there were a bunch of these events that occurred in sequence.  I thought at first that the money was meant for me and so I started spending some of the money on myself.  Soon I realized that I couldn’t even keep up in my spending with the money that was coming in.  Finally, after many months of this occurring I realized what was happening when my wife discovered that she was pregnant with our first child.  The Lord was preparing us  financially to be able to have and support a child by these monetary windfalls.  Because of considering how that I had been thinking that the money coming in was designated for me, I thanked the Lord and also felt kind of stupid and dumbfounded at the same time.

 

10.10.           When we Christians are given any riches or means from this world, we must realize that we now have a stewardship that the Lord is requiring of us.  The Lord has given us that money or those possessions so that we might be a channel for Him of His blessings, and we must be certain that we do not short-circuit the Lord’s work through our life because of our own selfishness or self-centeredness.

 

10.11.           When people leave this world they are not going to be able to take any of the riches or possessions that they store up with them.  Plus, the riches of this world will have no value in the kingdom of Christ and the New Jerusalem that we are to inherit.  Therefore, we are wise servants of the Lord if we will travel light here and think of ourselves as merely tent camping here in this life.  We need to consider that we are but a mere channel of the Lord’s blessing and use our means to further God’s kingdom not just advance our own wealth and extravagant lifestyles.

 

10.12.           Living for the things of this life does not bring true satisfaction.  It is only that which is eternal which can bring lasting satisfaction.  We need to know God fully in order to be fully satisfied  We ought to do like the apostle Paul and, “count all things but rubish for the supassing value of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord,” Phil. 3:8. 

 

11.            CONCLUSIONS:

 

11.1.                As Christian, we need to ask ourselves if we are living foolishly in regards to eternity.  Are we hanging on to some piece of this world at the expense of eternal rewards?  If so, we shall also feel very foolish on the day of judgment for Christians when we have few if any jewels in our eternal crowns... 

 

11.2.                We need to ask ourselves if all we possess has really been given completely to the Lord's control and glory? 

 

11.3.                Are you building bigger barns which will just burn in the fire that will try every man's work as to whether or not it is gold, silver, wood, hay or stubble? 

 

11.4.                Will you pray with me for a heart to honor Jesus in every aspect of your life, just as the Apostle Paul lived his life and exhorted us?  Only then you shall be rich toward God and for eternity reap the rewards which you will get in return. 

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