JUDGES CHAPTER 3, “The First
Three Judges: Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar”
By
Jim Bomkamp
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. In our last study, we looked
at the introduction to the book of Judges and the first two chapters of the
book.
1.1.1. We saw that the period of
the Judges lasted 300-350 years, approx. 1/3rd of the history of
God’s people, the Jews, as given in the Old Testament.
1.1.2. We saw that after Joshua had
passed away that the Lord had not led him to appoint a successor, and that it
was the Lord’s intention that the nation be a theocracy, or monarchy with the
Lord as king.
1.1.3. However, we also saw that
after the death of Joshua that instead of the people looking to the Lord as
their king and seeking and following Him in their lives, that they fell away
from the Lord and they became a generation of people who did not know the Lord
.
1.1.4. We saw in the book of Judges
that there was a continual cycle of God’s people falling away from the Lord and
serving and worshipping the gods of the surrounding nations, then the Lord
would raise up a nation to come and oppress them, then the people would call
out to the Lord for mercy and help as they were repenting and turning back to
following the Lord, then the Lord would raise up a man or a woman to be a
“judge” to deliver them from their enemies, then the people would follow the
Lord for the rest of the life of that “judge.”
However, after the “judge” died the people would again fall away from
the Lord and the cycle would start over again.
1.1.5. We saw that the term “judge”
was a bit of a misnomer for the people whom God raised up to guide His people,
for they were really deliverers of God’s people who would rally them together
to go and to conquer their oppressors.
However, they did oversee civil matters and disputes and questions of
law and were in that sense functioning as a “judge.”
1.1.6. We saw that the “judges”
that are written about in the book of Judges were not necessarily recognized by
all of the tribes of
1.1.7. Finally, we looked at the “2nd
Generation” phenomena that has often occurred with God’s faithful saints. The first generation knows the Lord and
serves Him, but the second generation comes along and though they may know
intellectually about the Lord, they don’t know Him experientially, and they
serve the Lord half-heartedly. Then, we
saw that what follows this type of a “2nd generation” is a “3rd
generation” that hasn’t even heard about the things of the Lord. We saw that it is very important that we
study the book of Judges so that we are careful not to repeat the same mistakes
because it is true that if we forget history that we are destined to repeat it.
1.2. In our study today, we are
going to look at chapter 3 of the book of Judges, and we are going to examine
the lives of the first three of the judges of
1.2.1. Again, in the book of Judges
there is found seven times total the cycle of God’s people falling away from
the Lord and serving and worshipping the gods of the surrounding nations, the
Lord raising up a nation to come and oppress them, the people calling out to
the Lord for mercy and help as they were repenting and turning back to
following the Lord, then the Lord raising up a man or a woman to be a “judge”
to deliver them from their enemies. The
people would follow the Lord for the rest of the life of that “judge,” however,
after the “judge” died the people would again fall away from the Lord and the
cycle would start over again.
1.2.2. Again, as we have stated,
the nation of
1.2.3. It was the case that rather
than stay the course that the nation had been given by the Lord, that the next
generation that followed the death of Joshua, and that generation of the elders
and leaders of the people, was a people that though they had heard of the Lord,
they didn’t know the Lord experientially, and they served the Lord
half-heartedly and did not learn and stay in the word of God, and thus they
were really ignorant of much concerning the Lord and His ways. This is that 2nd Generation
phenomena we discussed in our first study.
1.2.3.1.
I was reading just yesterday from A.W. Tozer’s book “The Root Of The Righteous,”
and in one of the chapters I was reading Tozer talked about how there is a big
difference between learning Bible knowledge and being taught of the
Spirit. He said that many people in
churches may have been raised under the teaching of the Lord, or learned it
from attending church as an adult, however their knowledge has not come from
illumination of the Holy Spirit in their lives.
He went on to say that people can become experts in Bible knowledge and
even well known theologians and yet their knowledge has come from their own
intellect and not from the illumination and enabling of the Holy Spirit. After reading that chapter I began to think
about the churches I had been in and pastured in the past 30 years, and it was
kind of like a light bulb turned on. I
have seen many people remain in churches where the Bible was clearly taught and
even lived out in people’s lives, and yet I have known some in those churches
who just seemed to be impervious to the true understanding of the Lord and the
scriptures. One couple came to mind who
were in our church plant in
I think that it would be good then to pose the
question as to how a person could be among God’s people, in studies where the
word of God is clearly taught and even lived out, and yet not be illumined by
the Holy Spirit in their lives?
What must our heart attitude be in order for us to
be in the place where the Holy Spirit will illumine God’s word to our hearts?
1.2.3.1.1.
We have to be willing to do God’s will should He reveal it to us,
before we will know the truth.
1.2.3.1.1.1.
In John 7:17, Jesus said this very thing concerning those who came to
Him and understanding His teaching, “17 “ If anyone is willing to
do His will , he will know of the teaching , whether it is of God or whether
I speak from Myself.””
1.2.3.1.2.
We can’t be full of ourselves and not have room for God in our
thoughts, heart, and life, but rather we must hunger and thirst for
righteousness.
1.2.3.1.2.1.
In His “Sermon On The Mount” in Matt. 5:6, Jesus taught this principle,
“6 “ Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness ,
for they shall be satisfied.””
1.2.3.1.2.2.
Do you have time for the Lord in your life? How are you spending your time? That is, what takes up the bulk of your
time. I heard the other day on the NPR
station when I turned a corner in my car and the CSN station faded, that the
average American watches four hours of TV a day. The person on the station said that this
means that the average American will have over the course of their life watched
12 years worth of TV. Is this how you
want your life to be spent here on this earth?
1.2.3.1.3.
We have to be willing to seek the Lord with all of our hearts to find
Him, and even persevere in that seeking of Him.
1.2.3.1.3.1.
In Jer. 29:13-14, the Lord told His people captive in Babylon that they
would find Him when they had finally come to that place where they were seeking
Him with their whole hearts, “13 ‘You will seek Me and find Me
when you search for Me with all your heart.
14 ‘I will be found by you,’ declares the Lord, ‘and I will restore your
fortunes and will gather you from all the nations and from all the places where
I have driven you,’ declares the Lord,
‘and I will bring you back to the place from where I sent you into exile.’”
1.2.3.1.3.2.
In Luke 11:9-10, Jesus taught the people that if they continued to seek
that they would find, and continue to knock that the door would be opened to
them, this is what the Greek present tense in the verbs He used brings out, “9
“ So I say to you, ask , and it will be given to you; seek , and you
will find ; knock , and it will be opened to you. 10 “For everyone
who asks , receives ; and he who seeks , finds ; and to him who knocks , it
will be opened.””
1.2.3.1.4.
There must be genuine repentance of sin in our lives, a 180° turning away from sin and
self and our own will, and turning to God to do His will.
1.2.3.1.4.1.
Jesus clearly taught the necessity of repentance in the gospels:
1.2.3.1.4.1.1. Matthew 4:17”17 From
that time Jesus began to preach and say, “ Repent , for the kingdom of heaven
is at hand .””
1.2.3.1.4.1.2. Luke 5:32, “32 “I
have not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance .””
1.2.3.1.4.1.3. Luke 13:3, “3 “I
tell you, no , but unless you repent , you will all likewise perish.””
1.2.3.1.4.1.4. Luke 15:7, “7 “I
tell you that in the same way , there will be more joy in heaven over
one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no
repentance.””
1.2.3.1.4.1.5. Matthew 11:21, “21 “
Woe to you, Chorazin ! Woe to you,
1.2.3.1.4.2.
So many in the church today however are teaching and leading people to
believe that they can have a relationship with Christ apart from
repentance. There are many churches that
are even evangelistic and zealous for God and yet they are preaching a gospel
that cannot save anyone because it does not include a necessity of turning away
from our life of sin and going our own way from God. Many people in churches today are even
involved in significant ministries in the church whose lives are compromised
with those things that the Bible spells out clearly as being sinful before the
Lord.
1.2.3.1.4.3.
During the Revolutionary War, someone asked General George Washington,
who later became the first president of our country, if we should ask the Lord
to be on our side.
1.2.4. It has been said that “the
Lord has no grandchildren.” None of us
can get into heaven or have a relationship with the Lord apart from coming into
a personal relationship with the Lord, apart from turning our hearts towards
the Lord in the ways just mentioned which are pre-requisites to being illumined
by the Holy Spirit. All of us as people
must face the fact that unless we yield our lives in repentance to the Lord and
experience the power of the cross of Christ in our lives, that we will at best
end up being the 2nd Generation of God’s people, those who serve the
Lord half-heartedly at best and who do not in reality know Him at all.
1.2.4.1.
In Matt. 7:21-23, Jesus warned the people of the fate of those who did
not have a personal relationship with Him yet who were involved with His people
and even active in ministries, “21 “ Not everyone who says to Me,
‘ Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven , but he who does the will of
My Father who is in heaven will enter . 22 “ Many will say to
Me on that day , ‘ Lord , Lord , did we not prophesy in Your name , and in Your
name cast out demons , and in Your name perform many miracles ?’ 23 “And
then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart
from Me , you who practice lawlessness.’”
1.2.5. We noted in our last study
that the world that we live in today is very similar to that of the time of the
Judges. People are doing what is right
in their own eyes, obedience to God is usually half-hearted at best, and chaos
reigns. Yet, we can be encouraged and learn
from the various judges and do just as they did. We can be people who listen to the Lord, are
obedient to God, and step out in boldness and be used greatly by God. We don’t have to go with the flow of the rest
of the world that is living in apathy, rebellion, and spiritual poverty. God can do a mighty work through us if we will
just let Him.
1.2.6. In this study of chapter 3
and the first three judges raised up by the Lord, we notice that each of these
men were very different from each other.
None of them though, perhaps with the exception of Othniel, were exceptional
people in leadership qualities, natural talent, or station of life. This should encourage all of us that we do
not have to have special abilities in the valuation of this world in order to
be used greatly by the Lord. He can use
regular people who simply give to Him what abilities, talents, and resources
they do have.
1.2.7. We do notice a few things
that set apart these men from others and allowed them to be used greatly by the
Lord:
1.2.7.1.
They stepped out in faith to be used by the Lord.
1.2.7.2.
They were courageous, stepped out, went against the flow and were
different from everyone else, took a stand for the Lord, and did so regardless
of the consequences, which could easily have caused the loss of their very
lives.
1.2.7.3. They let the Lord use both
their abilities as well as their limitations for His purposes.
1.2.8. However, remember that it
was not because of any qualities of their own that these men were used greatly
by the Lord, it was because the Lord chose them for His purposes as a
deliverer, and because His Spirit worked mightily through their lives.
2. VS 3:1-4 - “1
Now these are the nations which the Lord
left, to test Israel by them (that is, all who had not
experienced any of the wars of Canaan; 2 only in order that the
generations of the sons of Israel might be taught war, those who had not
experienced it formerly). 3 These nations are: the five lords
of the Philistines and all the Canaanites and the Sidonians and the Hivites who
lived in
2.1.
We saw in our last chapter that the angel of the Lord, which we identified as
Jesus Christ in His pre-incarnate state, appeared to the children of
2.2.
In these verses, the Lord tells us that He left those nations within
the land to be the means of testing the children of Israel as to whether or not
they would be obedient to His commandments or not.
2.3.
I remember one time that Don McClure when preaching mentioned that his
wife would not be impressed if he told her that he loved her, but she was the
only other person on a deserted island.
But rather, if he told her that he loved her in spite of the fact that
he had lots of other choices in women and lots of other things that he could
love instead of her, then this would in fact impress her with the fact that he
loves her. This is the same way that it
is with the Lord. He allows testings in
our life so that we must choose whether or not we will show our love for Him by
avoiding going after all of the other gods and idols of this world that we
might be tempted to pursue, and giving our entire devotion and worship to Him.
3. VS 3:5-8 - “5 The sons of Israel
lived among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the
Hivites, and the Jebusites; 6 and they took their daughters for
themselves as wives, and gave their own daughters to their sons, and served
their gods. 7 The sons of
3.1.
Here we now see the first time that the children of
3.2.
When Joshua was alive, He had
told them that the Lord had commanded that they must be careful to be diligent
to obey every one of God’s commandments, every word of God. However, the people had set aside the Lord’s
word, and thus the second generation of God’s people served the Lord only
half-heartedly and not with zeal. Now,
the third generation has come along, and they haven’t even heard of the Lord or
the things that He did for
3.3.
The result of disobedience to the Lord is oppression from our
enemies. The Lord always raises up a
foreign nation to oppress and enslave His people when they backslide and fall
away from Him.
3.3.1. It is true in our lives as
God’s people of all eras in time that we end up eventually facing the
consequences of our sins when we turn away from the Lord. It is the consequences of our sins that
causes us to look and cry out to the Lord, and eventually to repent and turn
back to God.
4. VS 3:9-11 - “9 When the sons of
Israel cried to the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer for the sons
of Israel to deliver them, Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10
The Spirit of the Lord came
upon him, and he judged
4.1.
Othniel, as we remember from Joshua chapter 15, was the man who won
Caleb’s daughter Achsah in marriage by conquering the city of
4.2.
Othniel was a courageous man of faith, a man whose faith had initially
been inspired by the faith and courage of Caleb. It was because of Othniel’s faith and zeal
for the Lord that the Lord chose him to be the first judge, or “deliver,” of
the children of
4.3.
We see in verse 10 the reason for Othniel’s success in battle and
rallying the children of
4.4.
The land had rest for forty years after this battle in which Othniel
led the children of
5. VS 3:12-14 - “12 Now the sons of
5.1.
The Lord is faithful to use the enemies of Israel to test the children
of Israel. The children of
5.2.
The children of
5.3.
Whereas the children of Israel were initially promised victory over
every enemy in the land of Canaan, literally victory in every place that their
feet trod, they are now defeated and enslaved by the enemy that they hadn’t
conquered and eradicated but instead let have a foothold in their territory.
6. V :15-26 - “15 But when the sons
of Israel cried to the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer for them,
Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a left-handed man. And the sons of
6.1.
In these verses, we read of this man named Ehud, a man who had a
limitation, if you want to call it that.
He was left-handed.
6.1.1. Gary Inrig has pointed out
how that various cultures have looked at being left-handed as being a weakness
or liability. For instance, the French
word “gauche” which means “awkward” and also “left-handed.” The word “sinister” which we use to denote
something that is evil comes from the Latin word for “left hand.” Also, the word “dexterous” which means to do
something with skill and ability comes from the Latin word for “right-handed.”
6.2. In Ehud’s time being
left-handed was looked at as being a defect and a weakness, however Ehud is an
encouragement to all of us as God’s people because instead of using his
weakness as an excuse for not being used by God, he submitted himself to the
Lord and allowed his weakness to be used by God.
6.3. People who would come into
the king’s presence were evidently frisked for any weapons before coming before
the king, however because most people were right-handed, the frisking was done
to people upon their left thigh, for that is where a right-handed man would
bind his sword, upon his left thigh.
Ehud was left-handed and believed that he could with God’s help get by
security if he bound his sword upon his right thigh, its rightful place for a
left-handed person.
6.4. As I consider this man Ehud, I am in awe at
his bravery and willingness to submit himself to the Lord and be used as an
instrument by Him.
6.4.1. Here this man Ehud takes it
upon himself to go directly to the king of
6.4.2. So many in
6.4.2.1.
In Col. 4:5, Paul wrote about how we as Christians need to make the
most of the opportunities that the Lord places in our lives to reach the lost
for Christ, “5 Conduct yourselves with wisdom toward outsiders,
making the most of the opportunity.”
6.4.2.1.1.
Are you making the most of the opportunities given you to win people
and influence them for Christ?
6.4.2.2.
In our lives as Christians, we first need to continually pray about the
spiritual needs that we see around us.
Alas however, many Christians however do not see the great spiritual
needs around them because of their prayerlessness. But then, whenever we begin to pray for the
Lord to work in others’s lives, pray for the lost to come to salvation, the
amazing thing that happens is that the Lord shows us how and when He wants us
to put feet to our prayers and become part of the solution. Just as happened with Ehud, the Lord
conceives in our heart a plan for how that He wants to use our lives and reach
those we have been praying for, and provide deliverance for them.
6.4.2.3.
O Christian, If I were to ask you when the last time you led someone to
Christ was, what might be your answer?
Has it been a long time? Have you
never led anyone to Christ? You may
think that it is not fair for me to ask that question since our responsibility
as Christians is just to share the truth and it’s the Lord’s responsibility to
win people to Christ. Maybe also you’re
thinking that your spiritual gift is not evangelism. However, you must realize that we are all
called to be witnesses for Christ. We
may not reap the seeds that are sown but we are all to at least to be used to
plant some seeds for the Lord. OK, fair
enough… Well then, how long has it been
since your shared the gospel with someone?
Has it been a long time? If it
has, I can tell you that the reason is because you have not been praying as you
should for people in your life who don’t know Christ. In saying this I’m not claiming personal
knowledge of you, nor prophetic insight about you. The reason I know this is because when we are
committed to prayer for people, the Lord leads us eventually to put feet to our
prayer, and soon we are sharing the gospel with them. That is how it works for us as Christians.
6.4.2.4.
If you as a Christian do not have a set amount of time every day that
you pray for the people in your life, the needs of your church, people to get
saved, etc. Then, this is just
wrong. In 1 Sam. 12:23, the prophet
Sammuel was exhorting the children of Israel, and then he told them, “23
“Moreover, as for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the Lord by ceasing to pray for you; but I
will instruct you in the good and right way.” The Lord has told us to pray at all times in
the Spirit for all of the saints (Eph. 6), but if our prayer life is hit or
miss, or barely present at all, then we are disobeying the clear commandments
of the Lord, and we are just not going to be used by the Lord in any kind of a
significant way. When you look at all of
the men of God in history past who were used greatly by the Lord, they were all
people who were very disciplined and committed to prayer. As a matter of fact, they all prayed at least
an hour a day. Many prayed much more
than that though.
6.4.3. Ehud is an example to us as
Christians, for his plan took guts to carry out, and he knew that if his plan
failed then he would be a dead man.
6.4.4. Ehud had to know that there
were so many ways that his plan might fail:
6.4.4.1.
He could be caught with the weapon before he ever got to the king.
6.4.4.2.
He could be searched and his lie found out when he told the king that
he had a secret message from the Lord for the king.
6.4.4.3.
He could have failed to get the sword out and kill the king when he
went to grab for it, or the king could have grabbed him and his sword and then
the king could have called for his guards to come to his rescue.
6.4.4.4.
He could have gotten caught trying to flee, after all he was probably
covered with blood, body fluids, and perhaps even excrement after killing the
king.
6.4.4.5.
He could have killed the king only to return to the children of
6.4.5. Ehud was willing to step out
by faith though and put his entire life on the line for the Lord. He reminds me of queen Esther who also put
her life on the line by appearing unannounced before king Ahaseurus in order to
intercede for her people the Jews who were going to be killed in mass. At that time Ester also counted the cost and
took her uncle’s words to heart that for just such an hour she might have been
placed where she was. Ester decided to
appear before the king resigned that, “If I perish, I perish.”
6.5. I am convicted as I read
this story of Ehud, that here in this day in which we live where all believers
in Christ seem to sense that the Lord’s return is imminent, that I too have
been born for this very hour and that I too must be brave and courageous and
step out and be used by the Lord. All
around me are people that are in bondage to the enemy and they are soon to die
yet most who die are headed to an eternity in the torments of hell. However, as a deliverer of God’s people
myself, I have a responsibility to reach out through the empowering Spirit of
God with the gospel to those of this world who are perishing, and see if I can
save as many as possible through the cross of Calvary and the Savior died and
raised from the dead.
6.5.1. Is this not also the work
and the day which you as a child of God have been called by the Lord for?
6.5.2. Shall we go together unto
those fields of souls around us which the harsh elements of life had made to be
white for the harvest?
7. VS 3:27-30 - “27 It came about when
he had arrived, that he blew the trumpet in the hill country of Ephraim; and
the sons of Israel went down with him from the hill country, and he was in
front of them. 28 He said to them, “Pursue them, for the Lord has given your enemies the Moabites
into your hands.” So they went down after him and seized the fords of the
7.1. Supernaturally filled with
confidence and boldness after being obedient to the Lord’s urgings and killing
the king of Moab, Ehud next comes to the hill country of Ephraim and blew the
trumpet and gathered Israel to together and inspired them to go and attack Moab
and obtain their freedom.
7.2. Oh, what inspiration each of
us as children of God can be to the body of Christ if as Ehud we will step out
and boldly and courageously take a stand for the Lord, and let the Lord use our
lives as He is wanting to do.
7.3. God’s people always follow
one who in zeal and faith courageously steps out to be used by the Lord. This is the natural result and what true
leadership consists of.
7.4. Here we see an incredible
victory in battle which the children of
7.5. Because of one man, Ehud,
who in obedience was willing to step out by faith and be used by the Lord,
7.6. For the next 80 years, most
likely during the time while Ehud was still living, the land ‘was undistracted’
because the enemies of the children of Israel were not brave enough to come and
to attack the children of Israel, especially because of the great victory that
the children of Israel had over the enemies of the children of Israel.
8. VS 3:31 - “31 After him came
Shamgar the son of Anath, who struck down six hundred Philistines with an
oxgoad; and he also saved
8.1. Shamgar had a couple of
weaknesses that he had to overcome in order the the Lord to use him.
8.1.1. He came from a
“dysfunctional family.”
8.1.1.1.
His father’s name is “Anath” which was the name of a Canaanite god of
sex and war. Thus, Shamgar either wasn’t
an Israelite by birth, or more likely he was the product of a family who over
the years had so compromised with the world that they would choose a name such
as “Anath” for a son.
8.1.1.2.
Haven’t we all to some extent also come from a “dysfunctional family”
by the way?
8.1.2. He was evidently a peasant,
for it was peasants who used oxgards to clean their plows and to prod the
oxen. An oxgard was a long wood stick
with a metal tip on one end and a blade on the other for cleaning a plow.
8.2. Just like Ehud, Shamgar
submitted himself to the Lord, gave what he had to the Lord, and the Lord used
him in a mighty way as a deliverer of God’s people. A mere exgard was the only weapon he could
afford, yet God used him mightily.
8.3. Like Othniel and Ehud,
Shamgar had tremendous faith and courage that led him to step out in faith
against the flow of the world and make a difference in the world.
8.4. We Christians ought to be
encouraged by the life of Shamgar and not hold back from serving the Lord
because of a lack of resources, money, station in life, or gifts. God can use us if we will just submit what we
have to the Lord in faith and be willing to step out and be used by the Lord.
9. CONCLUSION:
9.1. Let’s be disciplined and
committed to praying for the lost and all of those whom the Lord has brought
into our lives. If you don’t have a
daily prayer list, I pray you will start one.
9.2. Let’s be committed to
lifting up to the Lord what little we have that He might use us, and never make
the excuse that we really don’t have anything or any great gifts that the Lord
might use our lives greatly.
9.3. Lets step out and allow the Lord
to use us to deliver people from the enemy of their souls. Let’s put feet to our prayers as the Lord
leads us and see how greatly God shall back us up as we do.
9.3.1. After all, it says in the
scriptures, “He who wins souls is wise.”