Gen. 1:1:
“Introduction To The Book Of Genesis And The Creation Of The World”
By
Jim Bomkamp
1.
INTRO:
1.1.
Background for the book of Genesis.
1.1.1. Authorship :
The
first five books of the Bible are accredited to Moses as the author by several
Biblical and historical sources.
1.1.1.1.Skeptics doubt :
In
the past hundred years some put forth a theory called The Documentary
Hypothesis (Graf-Wellhausen Hypothesis) that stated that the Torah was compiled
by later editors, but this theory created without any compelling historical,
linguistic or textual evidence. Oswalt
T. Allis, R.N. Whybray, E.J. Young, Umbertos Cassuto, R.K. Harrison, Kenneth A.
Kitchen, and others have since adequately disproven that hypothesis.
1.1.1.2.Internal Evidence :
There
is no internal evidence in the book of Genesis to show that Moses wrote the
book. In fact, all of the events of the
book of Genesis happened before Moses was born.
However, Moses’ authorship of the first five books of the Bible is
assured all throughout scripture and in all of the ancient writings.
1.1.1.3..External Evidence :
1.1.1.3.1.Numerous places in the scriptures of both the old and
new testament support Moses’ authorship.
1.1.1.3.2.In the gospels, Jesus
obviously believed in a literal interpretation of the book of Genesis and that
Moses was its author, for he referred such events from the book of Genesis
as: the creation of Adam and Eve, the flood,
Noah, the ark Noah built, Abraham, Lot, Lot’s wife being turned into salt,
Sodom being destroyed by God, Moses.
1.1.1.3.3.Jesus taught and believed that Moses wrote the book of
Genesis, as is seen for instance in Matthew 19:8, “8 He said to them, “Because of your hardness of heart Moses permitted you to
divorce your wives; but from the beginning it has not been this way.”
1.1.1.3.4.Ancient authorities
consistently support Moses’ authorship, and in fact the three major world
religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, all have formally accepted Moses’ authorship
of the book.
1.1.2. Date of writing :
1.1.2.1.Since the exodus of the people out of the
1.1.3. The writings of Moses:
1.1.3.1.The first five books of the Bible are what are called
the “Pentateuch.” They contain
what is referred to in the scriptures as “The Law,” and detail what the
Lord told the nation of
1.1.3.2.The book of Genesis is the book of “beginnings,”
as that is what its name means. This
book is an historical account and tells us about:
1.1.3.2.1.The creation of the world and mankind.
1.1.3.2.2.The fall of mankind in the Garden of Eden.
1.1.3.2.3.The flood that destroyed everyone on the earth and all
animals with the exception of Noah and his family and the animals that Noah was
directed to place on the
1.1.3.2.4.The calling by the Lord of the man named “Abraham” to
leave his family and country and to go to a land that the Lord would show him
along with covenant promises made to the descendants of “Abraham.”
1.1.3.2.5.The calling of the descendant of Abraham, named Jacob
whom the Lord renamed to be “
1.1.3.3.The book of Exodus is the story of how the Lord raised
up and directed a Man named Moses, a descendant of
1.1.3.4.The book of Leviticus is the book that describes the
many ceremonial laws that the Lord instituted as part of the covenant given to
1.1.3.5.The book of Numbers details the genealogies of the tribes
of
1.1.3.6.The book of Deuteronomy is the re-stating of the Law
of God to the Israelites.
1.1.4. Purpose for writing the book of Genesis:
1.1.4.1.The Bible consists of 66 books that were penned by
over 40 different authors over 2,000 years. The book of Genesis is that book of
beginnings, and the first 11 chapters of the book deal with pre-history. Chapter 12 begins with the story of the
calling of Abraham which leads to the calling of
1.1.4.2.The book of Genesis is very important as a book of
beginnings because there is a principle in scripture called: “first mention.” The first time something is mentioned in the
scripture always gives you an indication of its importance and meaning.
1.1.4.2.1.Being the book of beginnings, the book of Genesis
shows us the beginnings of the creation of all things, man and woman, marriage,
procreation and child bearing, home life, sin and rebellion against God,
murder, giving of sacrifices, grace, work, agriculture, trade, city life,
languages, nations, and a people called as the people of God.
1.1.4.2.2.Every doctrine of scripture for God’s people is
introduced in some way in the book of Genesis, including:
1.1.4.2.2.1.Sovereignty of God.
1.1.4.2.2.2.Election and predestination of God’s people.
1.1.4.2.2.3.Salvation from sin.
1.1.4.2.2.4.Justification of God’s people by faith.
1.1.4.2.2.5.Eternal security.
1.1.4.2.2.6.The separation from God caused by sin.
1.1.4.2.2.7.Divine judgment and retribution.
1.1.4.2.2.8.Rapture of the church.
1.1.4.2.2.9.Death and resurrection.
1.1.4.2.2.10.Establishing of priesthoods by God.
1.1.4.2.2.11.The anti-Christ.
1.1.4.2.2.12.Covenant relationship with God.
1.1.4.2.3.Likewise, the book of Revelation which is the last
book in the Bible shows the fulfillment of each and every Biblical doctrine
that is introduced in the book of Genesis.
Tim Lahaye in his
Revelation Commentary lists some of the doctrinal themes that were introduced
in the book of Genesis and completed in the book of Revelation:
1.1.4.2.3.1.“Genesis shows
humanity’s beginning in a beautiful paradise.
Revelation shows the wonderful paradise to come.
1.1.4.2.3.2.Genesis shows how human beings lost
a chance to eat of the tree of life(Gen. 3:22-24). Revelation shows that humankind will
yet eat of that tree (Rev. 22:2).
1.1.4.2.3.3.Genesis tells of humanity’s first
rebellion against God (Gen. 3-4). Revelation
promises an end to humanity’s rebellion against God.
1.1.4.2.3.4.Genesis records the first murderer,
drunkard, and rebel. Revelation promises
a city where “nothing impure will ever enter it, nor will anyone who does what
is shameful or deceitful, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s
book of life (Rev. 21:27).
1.1.4.2.3.5.Genesis reveals the tragic sorrow
that resulted from sin (Gen. 3-4). Revelation
promises, “[God] will wipe every tear from their eyes” (Rev. 21:4).
1.1.4.2.3.6.Genesis records the first death
(Gen. 4:8). Revelation promises that
“there will be no more death” (Rev. 21:4).
1.1.4.2.3.7.Genesis shows the beginning of the
curse (Gen. 3:15-18). Revelation
shows the curse lifted (Rev. 22:3).
1.1.4.2.3.8.Genesis introduces the devil for
the first time as the tempter of the human race (Gen. 3:1-18). Revelation shows the final doom of
Satan (Rev. 20:10).
1.1.4.2.3.9.Genesis promises that Satan’s head will be bruised (Gen. 3:15). Revelation shows Satan bruised and
defeated (Rev. 19:20)…”
1.1.4.3.Chuck Missler has pointed out that the book of Genesis
(“beginnings”) anticipates all false philosophies and trumps them:
1.1.4.3.1.Atheism—God created the world.
1.1.4.3.2.Pantheism—God is transcendent and knowable.
1.1.4.3.3.Polytheism—There is one God creator of all.
1.1.4.3.4.Materialism—God created matter and rules over it.
1.1.4.3.5.Humanism—God is the initiator and ultimate reality.
1.1.4.3.6.Evolutionism—God created everything in 6 days.
1.1.4.3.7.Uniformism—God created all and intervenes in creation.
1.1.5. New Testament references to the book of Genesis:
1.1.5.1.Every New Testament writer refers to the first 11
chapters of the book of Genesis, and every chapter but chapter 8 of the Genesis
chapters is referenced in the New Testament books. According to Chuck Missler in the News
Testament there are 165 direct quotes from the book of Genesis, 100 of which
are of chapters 1-11, and 200 allusions to the book of Genesis.
1.1.5.2.Chuck Missler provides this list of N.T. references to
the book of Genesis:
1.1.5.2.1.The Creator and the Creation:
1.1.5.2.1.1.Mt 13:35; Mk 13:19; Jn 1:3; Acts 4:24; Acts 14:15; Rom
1:20; 2 Cor 4:6;
1.1.5.2.2.Allusions to the Creation:
1.1.5.2.2.1.Rom 1:25; 16:25; Eph 3:9; 1 Tim 4:4; Heb 2:10; 4:10;
9:26; Jas 3:9; Rev 3:14; 4:11; 10:6; 14:7.
1.1.5.2.3.Creation of Man and Woman:
1.1.5.2.3.1.Mt 19:4-6, 8; Mk 10:6; Acts 17:26; 1 Cor 6:16; 11:8,9;
Eph 5:31; 1 Tim 2:13, 14; Rev 2:7; 22:2, 14.
1.1.5.2.4.The Fall:
1.1.5.2.4.1.Rom 5:11, 14, 17, 19; 8:19-20; 1 Cor 15:21-22; 2 Cor
11:3; Rev 20:2.
1.1.5.2.5.The Flood:
1.1.5.2.5.1.Mt 24:37; Lk 17:26; 1 Pet 3:20; 2 Pet 2:5; 3:5-6.
1.1.5.2.6.The Patriarchs:
1.1.5.2.6.1.Mt 23:35; Lk 3:34-38; 11:52; Heb 11:4-7, 23; 12:24; 1
Jn 3:12; Jude 11, 14..
2.
The Bible tells
us the story of how God created the world from nothing, for it says in the very
first verse of the Bible, Genesis 1:1,
“1 In the beginning God created the
heavens and the earth.” Because we
are going to be talking about beginnings and origins, I thought that I would
take the rest of this study to talk a little about the subject of “Intelligent
Design,” and dwell upon how that this creation all around us reveals that
there had to be a creator.
2.1.
Later in this
first chapter of Genesis, we see the creator speaking each element of creation
into existence from nothing saying things like, ““Let there be light”; and there was light,” in
Gen. 1:3, or “…“Let there be an expanse in the midst of
the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.” 7 And God made the
expanse, and separated the waters which were below the expanse from the waters
which were above the expanse; and it was so. 8 And God called the expanse
heaven…, ” Then, numerous places in the Bible tell us that God
has so designed the things that He has created so that they might show His
handiwork and be His mouthpiece to us to declare and demonstrate that He
is God. We see this written in verses
such as Psalm 19:1-6, “1 The heavens are telling of the glory of
God; And their expanse is declaring the
work of His hands. 2 Day to day pours
forth speech, And night to night reveals knowledge. 3 There is no speech, nor are there
words; Their voice is not heard. 4 Their line has gone out through all the
earth, And their utterances to the end of the world. In them He has placed a tent for the sun, 5
Which is as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber; It rejoices as a strong man to run his
course. 6 Its rising is from one end of
the heavens, And its circuit to the other end of them; And there is nothing hidden from its heat.”
2.2.
Intelligence.
2.2.1. Having
worked in the Electronics Engineering field the past 23 years as a
software engineer, I know a lot about
computers. The definition of “intelligence” is, “the ability to learn or understand or to
deal with new or trying situations, the skilled use of reason, the ability to
apply knowledge to manipulate one's environment or to think abstractly as
measured by objective criteria, mental acuteness.” It is my desire to show that the
things in this world and universe reveal to us that there had to be a lot of
intelligence which created it and that it didn’t just come into being
accidentally as a result of trillions of occurrences of random chance. So, I want to speak to you about intelligence
then. William A. Dembski, a proponent of
intelligent design has stated, "there are natural systems that cannot
be adequately explained in terms of undirected natural forces and that exhibit
features which in any other circumstance we would attribute to intelligence."
2.2.2. The Wikipedia online encyclopedia explains the
following about the history of the intelligent design argument, “Philosophers
have long debated whether the complexity of nature indicates the existence of a
purposeful natural or supernatural designer/creator. The first recorded
arguments for a designer of the cosmos are in Greek philosophy. In the 4th
century BC, Plato posited a "demiurge" of supreme wisdom and
intelligence as the creator of the cosmos in his Timaeus. Aristotle also
developed the idea of a creator-designer of the cosmos, often called the
"Unmoved Mover", in his work Metaphysics. In De Natura Deorum, or
"On the Nature of the Gods" (45 BC),
2.3.
Man’s Fastest And
Most Powerful Supercomputers:
In order for man to be able
to compute the most difficult of mathematical problems that faced scientists in their attempts to solve scientific mysteries, scientists are always
needing to obtain faster and more powerful computers. This is why in 1976 the age of supercomputing began. The Cray
Computer Corp. created the first supercomputer which was much faster,
more powerful, and held more data storage than any other computer then in
existence. Since that time
supercomputers have continued to evolve in capabilities every year. Supercomputers
are rated in power in units called FLOPS (floating point operations per
second) or MIPS (million instructions per second).
Before we begin, I want to explain to you what a “floating point operation” on a
computer is: “A very large number on a computer can be
expressed as a floating-point number which consists of a basic number or mantissa,
an exponent, and a number base or radix (which is often assumed). The
number base is usually ten but may also be 2.”
2.3.1. Cray
Supercomputers:
The Cray Corporation began the supercomputer industry in 1976 with it’s
first supercomputer which was designed to be used to compute the world’s most
difficult and computation intensive scientific equations. Since that time, Cray has remained the leader
in technology and product development for the world’s supercomputers. The
following is a listing of their product offerings in the supercomputing field
in the last 30 years:
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Cray Supercomputer Models: |
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Cray-1: Cray's first
supercomputer. Introduced in 1976,
this system had a peak performance of
133 megaflops (133 million floating point
operations per second). The first system was installed at Los Alamos National Laboratory at a cost of $8.8 million dollars. In order to increase the speed of this
system, the Cray-1 had a unique "C"
shape which enabled integrated circuits to be closer together. No wire in the system was more than four
feet long. To handle the
intense heat generated by the computer, Cray developed an innovative
refrigeration system using Freon.
If my memory is correct, this gas was needed to cool the unit to –90°C (-130°F) in order for the computer to run correctly. |
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Cray
X-MP:
First launched in 1982,
this system was capable of 500
megaflops and was the first
multi-processing supercomputer from Cray. It was the world's first supercomputer to sustain over 1 gigaflop on many
applications. Multiple 333
MFLOPS processors powered the system to a record sustained speed of 2.3
gigaflops. It ran the company's first operating system based on
UNIX, UNICOS. This may seem fast, however
at today’s standards it is not. If at
home you happen to had a first generation Pentium 4 processor running at 2.8GHZ, it averages somewhere around
1.1 gigaflops in benchmark studies, which is in the general range of the Cray X-MP. |
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Cray-2: First
introduced in 1985, this
system had a peak performance of 1.9
gigaflops. At the time, the CRAY-2 system had the world's largest central memory with the possibility
of 2048 megabytes. The Cray-2™ system provided a tenfold increase in performance over the
Cray-1. |
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Cray
Y-MP8D:
Introduced in 1988,
this system was key to breaking the one gigaflop performance barrier. It has
traditionally been the standard by which other supercomputers are compared. |
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Cray
Y-MP2E: Cray's first air-cooled
supercomputer. |
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Cray
Y-MP8E: Like the Cray Y-MP8D, this system held a maximum of 8 vector processors but included a faster, improved I/O (input/output) system
called the Model E I/O. |
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Cray
C90: Launched in 1991, this
was Cray's high-end supercomputer of the early '90s (thus its name,
"Cray for the '90s" or C90).
The Cray C90™ featured a new central
processor with industry-leading sustained performance of 1 gigaflop.
Using 16 of these powerful processors
and 256 million words of central memory, the system boasted unrivaled
total performance. Peak performance
equaled 16 gigaflops. |
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Cray
EL: Cray's first low-cost
supercomputer and predecessor to the Cray J90 Series. |
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Cray
T3D: Cray's first line of scalable
parallel supercomputers (introduced in 1993). |
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Cray
J90: Air-cooled, low-cost vector
supercomputers introduced by Cray in
the mid-'90s. |
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Cray T90: The Cray T90 line of powerful, general purpose, vector-based
supercomputing systems employs an array of innovative technologies,
including pioneering connectors that
eliminate internal wiring. Though no longer in active production, the
T90 is still widely used to solve some of supercomputing's most difficult
problems. |
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Picture
not available. |
Cray T3E: Since its debut in 1995, the successor Cray T3E™ supercomputer has been the world's
best selling MPP system. |
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Picture
not available. |
Cray 1200: The Cray T3E-1200E system was the first supercomputer to sustain one teraflop
(1 trillion floating point operations
per second) on a real-world application. |
2.4.
Modern Supercomputers.
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IBM Blackforrest |
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IBM Bluesky |
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IBM ASCII White |
2.4.1. IBM’s
ASCI White :
2.4.1.1.This original newspaper
article was published in 2000 and detailed what was at that time the latest and greatest supercomputer
to yet be created (only recently has it been superceded) : “WASHINGTON-IBM
announced Wednesday it has built the most powerful supercomputer in the world,
able to perform 12.3 trillion [floating point] operations per second,
three times faster than the next fastest computer…The computer, called Advanced
Strategic Computing Initiative White, or ASCI White, covers 9,920 square feet
of floor space , equal to two NBA basketball courts, and weighs 106 tons. IBM will deliver ASCI White to the Energy
Department's
2.4.1.2.At a Lawrence Livermore Laboratory website, our
nation’s top scientific laboratory, they added some additional details
concerning the technology involved in this supercomputer, “This extremely high performance is achieved
through its massively parallel design. The processors used are IBM RS6000 SP
Power3's which run at 375 MHz. There are 8,192 of these processors in the core
compute system. The total amount of RAM is 6Tb. The system is housed in over two
hundred cabinets and fills a large room with an area the size of two basket
ball courts.”
2.4.2. The
world’s fastest and most powerful supercomputer is still the human brain :
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The world’s greatest supercomputer: the human brain |
2.4.2.1.The newspaper article went
on to talk about how the ASCI White computer was designed in an effort to try
to reach the computing power of the human brain, “The human brain, it is
estimated, computes about 1,000 times faster than ASCI White, which requires 1.2
megawatts of power, enough electricity to power 1,000 homes. At IBM's current rate, a supercomputer could
exceed the brain's capacity in 10 years.
Even now, it would take one person with a calculator 10 million years to
do the same number of calculations ASCI White can do in one second.”
2.4.2.2.This Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (our nation’s top
scientific laboratory) web page listed above inserts the following comparison
of the “ASCI White” with the human brain, “It is possible to make a very rough estimate of the computing power
of the human brain. The human brain contains about 100 billion neurons, each of
which is connected to about 1000 of its neighbors through synapses. This equals
a total of 100 trillion connections, all of which operate in parallel. If we
estimate each connection to be capable of 100 operations per second then this
gives a total of 10,000 teraflops for the whole brain. Note that this really is a rough estimate.
Others rate the brain at between 100 and 100,000 teraflops. But one way or
another the computing power of the human brain is of the order of hundreds of
times greater than ASCI White. Although the human brain is much more powerful,
it is not unimaginably more so. It is believed that supercomputers will
increase in power by a hundred fold within the next decade. This would mean
that supercomputers would be on a par with the human brain by the year 2010.” On an IBM web site I recently visited they
stated that the IBM ASCII White computer had approximately the computing power
of a mouse’s brain.
As
these articles about the IBM “ASCI White” supercomputer give proper
credit, the human brain remains by far
the fastest and most power supercomputer in the world today. With
all of the sensor inputs it has, systems that it regulates, and computations
that it performs, it is far faster, more powerful, and has much more memory
than any supercomputer in the world.
While the “ASCI White”
requires 1.2 megawatts of power to run, the human brain is powered by organic
matter that God has created and we eat as tasty food items. Two or three meals a day which comprise a
couple thousand calories a day is plenty to sustain an adult male during normal
activity. While the “ASCI White”
computer takes up the size of two basketball courts, the human brain or a
normal adult male weights between 1-1.5 kilograms (approx. 2-4 lbs).
What surprised me in this article as well as in other places on the Lawrence Livermore
Laboratory web page that talked about the computing power of the human brain is
that they didn’t mention the odds of
the brain evolving to this potential it has verses there being a God who
created it from nothing. How blind could anyone be to not see intelligent design when we
observe the world’s fastest supercomputer and yet know effort has gone into
research, design, and testing to create the supercomputers that man has
created.
2.5.
How can you explain man’s consciousness and
conscience?
Before
we go on, I want to point out one other
evidence for God having created everything that exits. That is, the fact that man possesses “consciousness.” If
man’s intelligence were limited to the fact that he possessed a very powerful
computer for a brain, then he
would act very different than he does.
Computers simply perform calculations upon specific commands,
and though they may possess incredible
speed, computing power, and data storage abilities, they do not possess “consciousness.” Man,
women, and children on the other hand can think independently of their environment and any external
stimulus. They can ponder any train of thought, pursue planning of the future, consider
matters of conscience, and determine how they desire to use their energy and
time. Men, women, and children also possess a moral “conscience”
that tells them when they have done right and wrong. This “consciousness”
of man is an indication that there is an aspect of a person which is spiritual in nature, and lies outside a mere computing
machine’s domain. God has placed a
spirit in each person that gives him “consciousness” and also makes man
capable of making moral choices of right and wrong. In our world today, “artificial
intelligence” once was a huge area for research, however today though it
still exists it is not nearly as big of a field because of the complexity with
it presents. However, God created “artificial
intelligence” in human beings a long time ago.
2.6.
Evidence of creation from the existence and
nature of DNA in every species of plant or animal :
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The complex nature of DNA that is found in every living cell shows the work of a creator and
intelligent design. Every creature on
the face of the earth has a DNA structure that is unique to that creature. |
2.6.1.
The Encarta Dictionary has the following
entry defining what DNA consists of,
“Deoxyribonucleic
Acid (DNA), genetic material of all cellular organisms and most viruses.
DNA carries the information needed to direct protein synthesis and replication.
Protein synthesis is the production of the proteins needed by the cell or virus
for its activities and development. Replication is the process by which DNA
copies itself for each descendant cell or virus, passing on the information
needed for protein synthesis. In most cellular organisms, DNA is organized on chromosomes located in the nucleus of the cell.
A molecule of DNA consists of two chains, strands composed of a
large number of chemical compounds, called nucleotides, linked together to form
a chain. These chains are arranged like
a ladder that has been twisted into the shape of a winding staircase, called a
double helix.
Each nucleotide consists of three units: a sugar molecule called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of four different nitrogen- containing compounds called bases. The four bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The deoxyribose molecule occupies the center position in the nucleotide, flanked by a phosphate group on one side and a base on the other. The phosphate group of each nucleotide is also linked to the deoxyribose of the adjacent nucleotide in the chain. These linked deoxyribose-phosphate subunits form the parallel side rails of the ladder. The bases face inward toward each other, forming the rungs of the ladder. The nucleotides in one DNA strand have a specific association with the corresponding nucleotides in the other DNA strand. Because of the chemical affinity of the bases, nucleotides containing adenine are always paired with nucleotides containing thymine, and nucleotides containing cytosine are always paired with nucleotides containing guanine. The complementary bases are joined to each other by weak chemical bonds called hydrogen bonds.”
In fact, one article I read
said that each cell contains enough DNA to form a single thread that would be 7
ft. long.
2.6.2. Dave Hunt has described the DNA structure in every living cell as being, “a digital database containing all of the information needed to create that species.” The Evidence For Creation Web Page taken from Chuck Colson’s book, “How Now Shall We Live,” states the following, “One of the most compelling arguments in favor of Creation is the presence of immense amounts of information carried within cells in the form of DNA. Random events cannot account for systems of storing and retrieving useful information such as the complex system found in the living cell. There is the equivalent of the information found in 30 volumes of the Encyclopedia Britannica in just one cell's DNA. This information is used to produce the complicated proteins necessary for its survival. Believing that this occurred by chance is beyond foolish. There is no analogy good enough to compare the impossible odds of this happening to human experience. Nature can only produce low information things such as waves and crystals. Some may look at crystals having high information content because of their highly ordered structure, but it all comes from a simple repeating pattern that requires very few instructions. In order to produce a functioning strand of DNA, every single pair of amino acids would have to be carefully copied in the correct order, and there are millions of pairs in a single strand.”
2.6.3. A web page I found on the
internet pointed out that an evidence of creation and that life did not evolve from less
complicated life forms comes from the fact that more complex life forms do not contain more chromosomes. Here are a list of the number of chromosomes
in life forms of various complexity:
·
Fern - 480
·
Goldfish - 94
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Sweet potato - 90
·
·
Dog - 78
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Horse - 64
·
Amoeba - 50
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Chimp - 48
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Opossum - 22
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Honey Bee – 16
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Human - 46
2.6.4. DNA contains chromosomes
which have many genes. Genes occupy
specific places on a chromosome.
The genes in a species’ DNA determine
which configurable traits that the species will have. For instance, people can be born with brown, black, blonde, and red hair. There is a configurable gene in the human DNA that determines that trait. Likewise, how tall a person will grow up to
be is determined in a configurable gene in the human DNA. Each
and every configurable trait that a person may have, including all of the
traits that are typically referred to as a product of human races are all
contained with his/her set of genes within the DNA, everything necessary to
replace that person in his/her entirety.
2.6.5. The public
schools in our country teach
Darwinian Evolution, the belief that every species of plant and animal
evolved from a lower form of creature. They teach that this had to occur as a result
of a mutation in a cell’s DNA during reproduction. When the first cell was created the DNA was
not proper replicated. This would make us think that mutation of DNA
is a good thing, but it is not for we all hear of genetic defects and diseases
which occur as a result of a mutation of DNA.
This is because every mutation
of a creature’s DNA is a degeneration of the original DNA and produces
undesirable results. Every major
mutation of DNA in a creature results in a creature which though different in traits will either not survive or
not be able to produce offspring with this same mutation. Besides what other species could then mate
with this creature and continue the replication of the newly mutated
species? In other words, which came
first the chicken or the egg?
Therefore,
no new species could be created by a
mutation of DNA, and thus Darwinian Evolution is a very faulty
theory. I believe that scientists primarily believe in the theory of Darwinian
Evolution because they reject the notion of a creator God, and they do not want
to be accountable to God. In order to
keep their sanity they must come up with an alternate explanation for where
life came from, and thus for them their belief is based upon much more faith
that that of us who believe in a creator God!
2.7.
Evidence of Creation from the design of the
human eye.
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|
The
interdependence of very complex function systems in a life form, or even in some
cases between life forms, in order for organs to work properly and a species
to have certain functionalities gives us evidence that there had to be a
creator. The human eye is one good
example of this. |
Ted M. Montgomery, an Optometric
Physician Anatomy, has published an article called, “Physiology and Pathology
of the Human Eye,” and in that article he explains the basics of how the human
eye works, “The human eye is the organ
which gives us the sense of sight, allowing us to learn more about the surrounding
world than we do with any of the other four senses. We use our eyes in
almost every activity we perform, whether reading, working, watching
television, writing a letter, driving a car, and in countless other ways.
Probably most people would agree that sight is the most precious of the five
senses, and many people fear blindness more than any other disability.
The
eye allows us to see and interpret the shapes, colors, and dimensions of objects
in the world by processing the light they reflect or give off. The eye is
able to see in dim light or bright light, but it cannot see objects when light
is absent. Light from an object (such as
a tree) enters the eye first through the clear cornea and then through
the pupil, the circular opening in the iris. Next, the light is converged by the crystalline
lens at a nodal point immediately behind the lens; at that point, the image becomes
inverted. The light progresses through
the gelatinous vitreous humor and, ideally, back to a clear focus on the
retina, the central area of which is the macula. In the retina, light impulses are
changed into electrical signals and then sent along the optic nerve and back
to the occipital (posterior) lobe of the brain, which interprets these
electrical signals as visual images.””
In the emmetropic eye (which has no refractive error), the range of
corneal refracting power is between 39 and 48 diopters, while the range of
lenticular refracting power is between 15 and 24 diopters. In the
emmetropic eye, the axial length (from the posterior corneal surface to the
retina) varies from 22 to 26 millimeters, or approximately an inch.
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The following are
the clear ocular media and structures (through which light passes before it
reaches the retina) and their respective indices of refraction: |
|
• pre-corneal tear film |
1.3375 |
As the optic nerve leaves the back of the eye, it travels to the optic
chiasm, located just below and in front of the pituitary gland (which is
why a tumor on the pituitary gland, pressing on the optic chiasm, can cause
vision problems). In the optic chiasm, the optic nerve fibers emanating
from the nasal half of each retina cross over to the other side; but the nerve
fibers originating in the temporal retina do not cross over.
From there, the nerve fibers become the optic tract, passing
through the thalamus and turning into the optic radiation until they
reach the visual cortex in the occipital lobe at the back of the
brain. This is where the visual center of the brain is located. The
visual cortex ultimately interprets the electrical signals produced by light
stimulation of the retina, via the optic nerve, as visual images. A
representation of parasympathic pathways in the pupillary light reflex can be
seen here: parasympathic response.”
How the optic nerve
translates the light images from the retina into electronic pulses to take to
the brain is a phenomena itself that is amazing and not understood.
The fact that we have
two eyes and not one gives us a tremendous advantage also. Two eyes permits stereoscopic vision which
our brains can then read and interpret to give us three dimensional vision and
depth perception. How difficult and dangerous
life would be with out three dimensional vision and depth perception. An accident, hardly!
There is a blind spot
in each eye also where the optic nerve crosses over the retina area. If you were to draw a 3/8” dot on a piece of
paper, place your hand over one eye, and then begin to move the piece of paper
around in front of you, you would eventually notice that in one position the
dot disappears. Why don’t we have a
blind spot in front of each eye then?
That is because our brain has a way of processing our vision so that the
other eye’s vision always fills in the blind spot.
Also, there are six
muscles that control each of our eyes, and these muscles allow our eye to move
easily and quickly in any direction. The
evolutionists would tell us that these muscles just coincidently happened to
evolve simultaneously?!
Television and
computer CRT screens had to be designed with a refresh rate of at least 30 HZ
because otherwise the video feed that goes from our eyes to our brains is so
fast that we would detect a flashing that occurred as the information is being
written.
Evolutionists would
tell us that the human eye evolved from a freckle (a mere light sensitive cell)
that is present on tiny wormlike creatures.
Too numerous to count successive species in the evolutionary chain then
had their light receptor (eye) evolve to a higher functionality, until the
human eye was achieved. However, the
incredible complexity of the human eye, the interdependence of the eye upon an
incredibly complex optical nerve, a brain that could read those video signals
interpret them and give us three dimensional vision with depth perception and
fill in the blind spots in each eye, the existence of two eyes which makes
three dimensional vision and depth perception possible, and a set of 7 muscles
per eye makes the notion of the evolution of the human eye ridiculous to the
rational mind.
2.8.
Evidence of Creation from our Sense of
Hearing.
When you pluck the A string on a guitar the frequency of the note is
440 HZ, however we know from Fourier analysis that actually the note you are
hearing is comprised of numerous harmonic frequencies each at twice the
frequency of the previous and half of the power. However, our brains hear primarily just the
one note. That fact is amazing in and of
itself.
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Small sample of an audio signal of say a symphony playing a piece of
music |
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Fourier breakdown of that audio signal we are listening to into its
respective sub component frequencies, all of which our human ear is able to
separate and hear distinctly. |
However, if you look at audio signals in real time using an
oscilloscope you see that they are just a huge mass of frequencies all
modulated together. However, amazingly our
ears are able to simultaneously hear individual instruments in a CD we are
listening to and numerous tones occurring in the time domain.
Another amazing thing that pertains to our sense of hearing is that
just as we have two eyes which give us stereoscopic sight, we also have two
ears which give us stereoscopic hearing which our brains are able to interpret
to tell us where sounds are coming from.
In a dark room where there is no light, it is an amazing thing, however
human beings are able to tell with a good amount of precision for instance
where a mosquito is that is flying around their head. Could these amazing senses of seeing and
hearing evolved from primordial scum as the evolutionists believe? I personally don’t know how a person could
have enough faith in such a theory as to believe in despite the odds that these
senses humans have could not evolve to such a sophistication over time.
2.9.
Evidence of Creation from the Bombadier
Beetle
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|
Quote from “Evidence For
The Creator Web Page,” “The little BOMBADIER
BEETLE. This tiny beetle is 1/2” long, but it has a very mighty weapon.
When an enemy is closing in behind him, and just about ready to eat him, an
explosion occurs right in the face of the enemy with a very bad smelling gas
that shoots out from two tail tubes, the temperature of boiling water. How
did he do that? |
He was studied by two German chemists who discovered
that it has 2 chemicals in it’s body, 1) hydrogen peroxide, and 2) hydroquinone.
When mixed together you get an explosion. Now how can he carry these chemicals
around in him without exploding. He carries a 3rd chemical which is called an
inhibitor. The 2 chemicals are mixed with the inhibitor and stored in 2
chambers in it’s body until needed. Then when an enemy approaches, the little
beetle squirts the two liquids together and adds a 4th chemical...... and
“anti” inhibitor. Then the resulting action is BOOM!!! A hot irritating foul
smelling gas is blown right into the face of the predator.
Now the fact that he is able to do that is in itself
a marvel, but even more interesting, is how he could have evolved that feat.
Imagine billions of years ago this little beetle evolves from a...... whatever
and has contained in his little body all of these chemicals. Now comes along
someone who wants him for lunch. Now keep in mind, he’s the first of his kind
to have evolved with this gift. Now he has to figure out just how much hydrogen
peroxide and hydroquinone to mix with the inhibitor, and how much of everything
to mix with the anti-inhibitor, and at what moment to do so. He has to also
keep in mind that if he doesn’t get it exactly right the first time......BOOM!
There goes the family tree, along with any future descendants.
No, he HAD to be
created that way.”
3.
CONCLUSIONS :
3.1.
Creation reveals
God’s handiwork.
3.2.
Lets worship such
a mighty, powerful, and wise God who has created all that exists by merely
speaking it into existence.