Exodus 6-7:
“The Lord Answers Moses’ Prayers Declaring How He Plans To Deliver
By
1.
INTRO:
1.1.
In our last study, we looked at chapters 4 & 5 of Exodus.
1.1.1. Moses and Aaron appeared
before Pharaoh and told him that the Lord has said that he is to let
1.1.2. We saw that the Lord gave
Moses and Aaron three miracles that they could use to show the Israelites as
well as the Egyptians that the Lord had indeed called them. They could throw down their staff and it would
become a serpent, and then they could pick it back up and it would turn back
into a rod. They could put their hand
into their breast and it would alternately turn leprous and then be normal. Finally, they could turn the water from the
1.2.
In our study today, we are going to look at chapters 6 and 7 of Exodus.
1.2.1. When we finished our last
study, we saw that after Moses and Aaron appeared before Pharaoh and told them
that the Lord said that he was to allow the children of Israel to go a three
day journey into the wilderness to worship the Lord, and then Pharaoh denied
their request, that Pharaoh had come down hard upon the Israelites requiring
them now to gather their own straw to make bricks, and also to keep up the same
quota. The Egyptian taskmasters were
also beating the Hebrew foremen because they had not been able to keep up. The Hebrew taskmasters and elders then
angrily denounced Moses for causing all of this harm to come upon them. They blamed Moses for all of these things
when it was really the Lord who was responsible for these things. Moses was then last seen coming before the
Lord and whining and complaining about ever sending him to deliver the
Israelites in the first place, and then for sending him but not delivering the
children of
1.2.2. In this study, we will see
the Lord’s response to Moses’ whining and complaining to Him. The Lord will not apologize for what has
happened but rather will begin to make further positive statements about what
He will accomplish in order to compel Pharaoh to send out the Israelites from
the
1.2.3. Moses and Aaron now will
perform their first miracles for Pharaoh in hopes of getting him to release the
Israelites to go and to be able to sacrifice to their God.
1.2.4. Before we begin to look into
these chapters, it would be a good thing to discuss the nature of the plagues
that the Lord brings upon the Egyptians through Moses and Aaron for the purpose
of compelling Pharaoh and the Egyptians to let the Israelites go free out of
1.2.4.1.They gave a public
manifestation of the mighty power of the Lord God.
1.2.4.1.1.Exodus 9:16: “But, indeed, for this reason I have allowed you to
remain, in order to show you My power and in order to proclaim My name through
all the earth.”
1.2.4.2.They were a Divine
visitation of wrath, a punishment of Pharaoh and Egyptians for their cruel
treatment of the Hebrews.
1.2.4.2.1.Exodus 10:16: “Then Pharaoh hurriedly called for Moses and Aaron,
and he said, “I have sinned against the Lord
your God and against you.”
1.2.4.3.They were a judgment from
God upon the gods (demons) of
1.2.4.3.1.The serpent was an object of worship in
1.2.4.3.2.The
1.2.4.3.3.The second plague brought
frogs out of the Nile and onto the land symbolizing a corrupt worship of the
1.2.4.3.4.With the third plague of
lice Gleig has written, “no one could approach the altars of
1.2.4.3.5.The people worshipped the
fly god Beelzebub and thus the fourth plague of the flies denigrated that god
before the people’s eyes.
1.2.4.3.6.The fifth plague of killing
the cattle came against the sacred bull, ram, heifer, and goat of the Egyptian
worship.
1.2.4.4.They demonstrated that
Jehovah was high above all gods.
1.2.4.4.1.Exodus 18:10-11: “So Jethro said, “Blessed be the Lord who delivered you from the hand of
the Egyptians and from the hand of Pharaoh, and who delivered the people
from under the hand of the Egyptians. 11 “Now I know that the Lord is greater than all the gods; indeed, it was proven when
they dealt proudly against the people.””
1.2.4.5.The furnished a complete
testing of human responsibility.
1.2.4.5.1.Their number being 10
signifies this just as there are 10 commandments.
1.2.4.6.There was a time interval in between each of these
signs which was allowed by the Lord in order to give Pharaoh and the Egyptians
time to repent.
1.2.4.7.They were a solemn warning
to other nations, that God would curse those who curse the Israelites.
1.2.4.7.1.Gen. 12:3: “And I will bless those who bless you, And the one
who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth will be
blessed.”
1.2.4.7.2.The Philistines attested to
this in Joshua 2:8-9: “Now before they lay down, she came up to them on the
roof, 9 and said to the men, “I
know that the Lord has given you
the land, and that the terror of you has fallen on us, and that all the
inhabitants of the land have melted away before you.”
1.2.4.8.These miraculous plagues
were evidently designed as a series of testings for
1.2.4.8.1.Deut. 4:33: “Has any people heard the voice of God speaking
from the midst of the fire, as you have heard it, and survived?”
1.2.5. The plagues come in three sets of three
judgments. With the first and second
judgment of each set Pharaoh is warned, but with the third of each set there is
no warning at all.
1.2.6. Note also that each of the
plagues are successively more serious and with greater severity in their
consequences:
1.2.6.1.Initially, the first three
plagues simply make the Egyptians uncomfortable as they affect their source of
water, frogs invading their homes, and lice attacking them.
1.2.6.2.The next three plagues
affect their possessions as flies corrupt their land, their cattle are
destroyed, and then boils appear on them.
1.2.6.3.The final three plagues
bring death and devastation as hall destroys cattle and vegetation, locusts
consume what is left of their vegetation, and then darkness comes and with it
the death of the firstborn.
1.2.7. The ability of the magicians
of Pharaoh to effect signs and wonders should not be explained away as simply
being slight of hand types of deception. It should be obvious from the accounts
found in Exodus that they truly did perform the miraculous and imitate many of
the signs that Moses and Aaron could perform, however it should be noted that
they did this by the power of Satan.
1.2.8. Notice as we go through the
rest of the book of Exodus how that the Lord is very specific about what He
will do as well as how that Pharaoh and the Egyptians will react. This should boost our faith as we see
everything become fulfilled just as the Lord says that it will.
1.2.9. The Lord will answer Moses’
prayer by declaring how He plans to deliver
2.
VS 6:1-8 - “1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Now you shall see what I will do to
Pharaoh; for under compulsion he will let them go, and under compulsion he will
drive them out of his land.” 2
God spoke further to Moses and said to him, “I am the Lord; 3 and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as
God Almighty, but by My name, Lord,
I did not make Myself known to them. 4 “I also established My covenant with them, to give them the
2.1.
The Lord’s response to Moses reminds me of how the Lord responded to
Job’s complaints and crying out to the Lord.
The Lord doesn’t directly answer Job’s complaints or arguments He just
started asking Job if he was there when the Lord did such things as lay the
foundation of the earth, etc. After a
series of these sorts of questions Job’s complaints were gone and he simply
trusted the Lord. Here the Lord doesn’t
answer Moses’ complaints either.
2.2.
The Lord’s response to Moses’ whining and complaining to Him about
Pharaoh denying his request for the people to leave and then the children of Israel
becoming bitter towards him because they were being mistreated results in the
Lord simply making several positive declarations of what He is going to do to
deliver Israel, including:
2.2.1. Moses will see what the Lord
will do to Pharaoh for under compulsion he will let
2.2.2. The Lord testifies that He
established His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and thus He will
fulfill His covenant to them and give them (through their descendants) the
2.2.3. The Lord tells him He has
heard the ‘groaning of the sons of
2.2.4. The Lord tells him He will
deliver
2.2.5. The Lord tells him that He
will ‘redeem’
2.2.6. The Lord tells him that He
will take
2.2.7. The Lord tells him that
2.2.8. The Lord tells him that He
will bring
2.3.
Again, as was mentioned in our last study, these declarations are not
wishful or hopeful statements. The Lord
declares what He is going to do, and when the Lord declares He will do
something, He is going to do it.
3.
VS 6:9-13 - “9 So Moses spoke thus to the sons
of
3.1.
Moses went and told the Israelites about all of the positive
declarative statements that the Lord had made to him about His plans to deliver
the Israelites, however they did not believe Moses (‘listen to’ him) because
of their ‘despondency and cruel bondage.’
3.2.
After Moses talked with the children of
3.3.
Moses again rebuffs the Lord’s commanding him to go to Pharaoh and tell
him these things saying that if
3.4.
The Lord spoke to and charged Moses and Aaron regarding the sons of
4.
VS 6:14-27 - “14 These are the heads of their
fathers’ households. The sons of
4.1.
It appears to me that
this genealogy is listed perhaps in the same way that a novelist first
introduces characters in his novel before he begins to have them interact in
the novel. The list here tells us where
some of these ones that we will read later about came from in the genealogical
tree.
4.2.
The sons of Reuben are listed:
|
Sons of Reuben |
|
Hanoch Pallu Hezron Carmi |
4.3.
The sons of Simeon are listed:
|
Sons of Simeon |
|
Jemuel Jamin Ohad Jachin Zohar Shaul |
4.4.
The sons of Levi
are listed:
|
Sons of Levi |
||||||||
|
Gershon |
Kohath |
Merari |
||||||
|
Libni Shimei |
Amram |
Izhar |
|
Uzziel |
Mahli Mushi |
|||
|
Aaron |
Moses |
Korah |
Nepheg |
Zichri |
Mishael Elzaphan Sithri |
|||
|
Nadab Abihu Ithamar Eleazar |
Assir Elkanah Abiasaph |
|||||||
|
Phinehas |
||||||||
5.
VS 6:28-7:2 - “28 Now it came about on the day when
the Lord spoke to Moses in the
land of Egypt, 29 that the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “I am the Lord; speak to Pharaoh king of Egypt all
that I speak to you.” 30 But Moses said before the
Lord, “Behold, I am unskilled in
speech; how then will Pharaoh listen to me?” 1 Then the Lord
said to Moses, “See, I make you as God to Pharaoh, and your brother
Aaron shall be your prophet. 2
“You shall speak all that I command you, and your brother Aaron shall speak
to Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out of his land.” - It is recounted for us how
that the Lord told Moses to speak to Pharaoh king of Egypt but that because
Moses tried to dodge that responsibility and thus Lord made it such that Moses
would speak to Aaron all that the Lord had told him to say and that Aaron would
speak to Pharaoh
5.1.
I wonder if these verses are telling us of an additional incident or
the one that was reported earlier when the Lord first called and commissioned
Moses. Moses had already waffled at
being God’s spokesman and the Lord had already told him to use Aaron speak for
him and that the Lord would speak to Moses and then he was to tell Aaron
exactly what to say to Pharaoh.
6.
VS 7:3-5 - “3 “But I will harden Pharaoh’s
heart that I may multiply My signs and My wonders in the
6.1.
The Lord says here that He will harden Pharaoh’s heart. He has already told Moses that He would do
this, so this is a restatement of that fact.
6.2.
It is very sobering
to read of the Lord hardening someone’s heart and thus they are no longer able
to see the truth or believe.
6.3.
There has been much debate amongst theologians about these statements in
Exodus regarding God hardening Pharaoh’s heart causing him to refuse to listen
to Moses and repent.
6.3.1. Some have taken the
statement literally and have believed that because the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s
heart that Pharaoh thus refused to repent and listen to Moses’ counsel. However, the problem with this view of the
Lord hardening sinners hearts thus causing them to be hard places the
responsibility for evil on the Lord. I
believe that this is not the correct way to view God. Wickedness is not God’s fault it is the fault
of wicked men.
6.3.2. Others take the view that
the Lord merely allows Pharaoh’s heart to be hardened.
6.3.3. A third view is the one that
I take and that is that the Lord hardens the heart of those who refuse to
repent. A person first hardens his heart
against the Lord and then the Lord confirms him in his decision. This view is supported by a few incidents
which we will read about here in these plagues sent by the Lord. Pharaoh first is said to harden his heart
against the Lord, and then it will say that the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart.
6.4.
The Lord tells Moses that He will ‘multiply My signs and My wonders
in the
6.5.
Notice here what the Lord says that He will be doing through these
plagues that He will send upon the Egyptians:
‘The
Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord,
when I stretch out My hand on Egypt and bring out the sons of Israel from their
midst.’
7.
VS 7:6-7 - “6 So Moses and Aaron did it;
as the Lord commanded them, thus
they did. 7 Moses was eighty years
old and Aaron eighty-three, when they spoke to Pharaoh.”
- Moses’ and Aaron’s ages at this time
are given, 80 and 83, respectively
8.
VS 7:8-13 - “8 Now the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, 9 “When Pharaoh speaks to you, saying, ‘Work a
miracle,’ then you shall say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down
before Pharaoh, that it may become a serpent.’ ” 10 So Moses and Aaron came to Pharaoh, and thus they
did just as the Lord had
commanded; and Aaron threw his staff down before Pharaoh and his servants, and
it became a serpent. 11 Then Pharaoh also called
for the wise men and the sorcerers, and they also, the magicians
of
8.1.
With the
performing of miracles and the calling down of plagues, we have now begin the
next section of the book of Exodus.
8.2.
The Lord tells Moses and Aaron that when Pharaoh asks them to ‘work
a miracle,’ that he is to tell Aaron to thrown down his staff before
Pharaoh so that ‘it may become a serpent.’
8.3.
Aaron throws down the rod and it turns into a serpent just as the Lord
said that it would do.
8.4.
Pharaoh’s reaction to seeing the miracle of Aaron’s staff turning into
a serpent is very interesting. Seeing
the miraculous working of God right before his face he hardened his heart
toward the Lord and ‘called for the wise men and the sorcerers’ to see if they could do
the same things.
8.5.
When Pharaoh’s magicians threw down their staffs and they became
serpents, but then Aaron’s rod devoured the other serpents, this should have
settled the case as to who is God over all.
But, instead we read that ‘Pharaoh’s heart was hardened’ towards
the Lord. This occurred just as the Lord
had told Moses all along it would.
8.6.
We saw in our last study that the rod was symbolized for a shepherd his
authority and protection over the sheep and that when Moses’ rod was thrown
down by him and became a serpent that this symbolized the fact that the Lord
has allowed evil and Satan to exist however He also has the power to constrain
Satan and will one day bind him for all eternity. We saw also that the rod becoming a serpent
symbolized that time in the Old Testament when in the wilderness the children
of Israel were being bitten by vipers and were dying but the Lord led Moses to
make a bronze serpent and hang it up upon a pole, and then when the people
looked at the serpent they were healed of their disease. The fact that Aaron’s rod ate the rods of
Pharaoh’s magicians, which had also become serpents, reveals that Jehovah is
over all gods. Of course we know that in
the New Testament we are told that the gods of this world are demons.
9.
VS 7:14-21 - “14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn; he refuses
to let the people go. 15 “Go to Pharaoh in the morning
as he is going out to the water, and station yourself to meet him on the bank
of the Nile; and you shall take in your hand the staff that was turned into a
serpent. 16 “You shall say to him,
‘The Lord, the God of the Hebrews,
sent me to you, saying, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the
wilderness. But behold, you have not listened until now.” 17 ‘Thus says the Lord,
“By this you shall know that I am the Lord:
behold, I will strike the water that is in the
9.1.
Notice that the Lord does not tell Moses and Aaron to perform the sign
of putting their hand into their bosom and having it alternately turn leprous. This may have something to do with the fact
that unbelievers do not know anything about sinful thoughts and actions
originating from the heart. The “natural
man” knows nothing of a sinful nature because that is the only world that
he understands and experiences.
9.2.
This is now the first of the plagues that the Lord will send upon
Pharaoh and the Egyptians. The Lord
tells Moses that because Pharaoh has not heeded their word from God that he and
Aaron are supposed to meet Pharaoh in the morning on the banks of the
9.3.
So, Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord told them to do and as a
result all of the water that was in the Nile turned into blood, and the fish in
the
9.4.
The blood symbolized death, and we saw in our last study that this
plague typifies the third bowl judgment of the 7 year Tribulation of the book
of Revelation in which all of the oceans rivers and waters on the earth will be
turned to blood, and the fish will die.
9.5.
As was mentioned, the Egyptians venerated the
9.6.
All of the fish dying in the
10.
VS 7:22-25 - “22 But the magicians of
10.1.
Evidently, Pharaoh’s magicians were able to turn water into blood
also.
10.2.
Because his magicians were also able to turn water into blood he didn’t
even give the miracles performed by Moses and Aaron any thought, and he ‘went
into his house with no concern even for this.’
10.3.
With their normal source of drinking water polluted, the Egyptians had
to begin to dig for water.
10.4.
Note here that the Lord gave the Egyptians ‘seven days’ to
repent before the next plague began.
11.
CONCLUSIONS:
11.1.
Trust in that which the Lord has declared that He will do, just as Moses
did on this occasion. Oh Christian, God
can and will use you greatly as you keep His promises before you.
11.2.
The attesting miracles in the scriptures, such as those in the book of
Exodus, we need to allow to encourage our faith in the Lord. With an “outstretched arm” the Lord
has performed “mighty judgments.”
He has done each one of them just as He said that He would do.