Exodus 4-5: “The Signs Given To Moses / Moses & Aaron Appear Before Pharaoh For The First Time

By

Jim Bomkamp

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1.                  INTRO:

 

 

1.1.            In our last study, we looked at chapter 3 of the book of Exodus.

 

1.1.1.      We looked at the mental disposition of Moses having spent 40 years in the desert as a shepherd and living a life of obscurity.  We talked about how God was preparing him for his most unusual role of the deliverer of God’s people, and being the only one besides Jesus Christ who would fulfill the role of prophet, priest and king.  Moses needed this 40 years of preparation in order to be the kind of leader that the Lord needed at that time.

 

1.1.2.      The Lord spoke to Moses through a bush that burned but was not consumed, and He called Moses to go and deliver His people from their oppression of slavery in Egypt to the land of Canaan which is flowing with milk and honey.

 

1.2.            In our study today, we are going to look at chapters 4 & 5 of Exodus.

 

1.2.1.      In chapter 4 we see that as Moses is still before this burning bush that the Lord gives him three miraculous signs that he can perform at any time in order to show the children of Israel and/or Pharaoh that he has truly been called of the Lord.

 

1.2.2.      When Moses objects to being God’s spokesman the Lord tells him to have Aaron speak for him.

 

1.2.3.      In chapter 5 we see that Moses and Aaron appear before Pharaoh and tell him that the Lord has said that he is to let Israel go for a three journey into the wilderness to worship the Lord.  However, Pharaoh denies their request and then makes the burden harder upon the Israelites by requiring that they also provide the straw for their bricks, while simultaneously keeping up their quota of bricks.  I thought about naming this message, “Sometimes God throws a brick at you.”

 

1.2.4.      Before we get into the study, I want to pose a couple of questions.  If the Lord was planning to take the children of Israel out of Egypt through miraculous signs, why didn’t He just do one mighty sign and thereby prove Himself to be so great and powerful through them as to cause the Egyptians to let the Israelites go right out of their land to Canaan?  Secondly, if the Lord was planning to bring up all of the Israelites out of the country of Egypt, why does He tell Moses and Aaron initially to tell Pharaoh that He wants them to go only for a three day journey to sacrifice and worship the Lord?  The answer to these questions is twofold:

 

1.2.4.1.I believe is that the Lord worked in this way because He was trying to give Pharaoh and the Egyptians every opportunity to repent and turn back to Him.  They needed to have the state of their own hearts revealed to them though first.  He will perform miracle after miracle right before the Pharaoh’s eyes, and yet he will refuse to acknowledge that the Lord He is God over all.

 

1.2.4.2.The children of Israel themselves needed to realize that the Lord is God and have their faith strengthened so that they could act as the people of God.

 

2.                  VS 4:1-5  - 1 Then Moses said, “What if they will not believe me or listen to what I say? For they may say, ‘The Lord has not appeared to you.’ ” 2 The Lord said to him, “What is that in your hand?” And he said, “A staff.” 3 Then He said, “Throw it on the ground.” So he threw it on the ground, and it became a serpent; and Moses fled from it. 4 But the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand and grasp it by its tail”—so he stretched out his hand and caught it, and it became a staff in his hand— 5 “that they may believe that the Lord, the God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you.” -  The Lord gives to Moses the first sign that he might use to persuade the Israelites and Pharaoh of his calling:  his staff that would change back and forth into a serpent

 

2.1.            Moses standing before the burning bush that is not being consumed, asks the Lord what should he do or what will happen if the children of Israel do not believe his story about the Lord appearing to him and calling him, and they instead say, ‘The Lord has not appeared to you.’ 

 

2.2.            As is always the case with God who knows the end from the beginning in all things, He has a solution for this problem that He has already considered and planned for.  The Lord will give Moses three different miraculous signs that he may perform at will in order to demonstrate his calling by the Lord. 

 

2.3.         Note here that the Lord calls Himself, ‘the Lord, the God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’  If Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were not now in Abraham’s Bosom, the Lord would not speak of Himself as being their God.  As Jesus said, “He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”

 

2.4.            The Lord tells Moses to throw down to the ground the staff that is in his hand, and when he does it turns into ‘a serpent.  When Moses sees the serpent he is scared and ‘fled from it.’

 

2.5.            Then, the Lord tells Moses to reach out his hand and ‘grasp it by its tail.’  So, then Moses reached out his hand and ‘caught it.’

 

2.6.            It is obvious that there must be a lot of symbolism in these signs that the Lord gives to Moses to perform, and I think that in regard to this first sign these symbolisms are apparent:

 

2.6.1.      Moses’ himself symbolizes “Jesus Christ” as he fulfills the role of the deliverer of God’s people.

 

2.6.2.      The deliverance of the Hebrews is symbolic of “deliverance from sin and Satan.”

 

2.6.3.      Moses’ shepherd’s ‘staff’ symbolizes “his authority and protective care,” as a shepherd would chase off a predator with his staff as well as reign in a wander sheep with it. 

 

2.6.4.      The ‘serpent’ that Moses’ staff turns into symbolizes our adversary “the Devil” as he was the serpent in the garden and referred to as such throughout the scriptures.

 

2.6.5.      Jesus’ being placed upon the cross and being made a curse for us in order for us to be saved from our sins is symbolized by this serpent, for in John 3:13-16 when Jesus is talking with Nicodemus who came to Him by night and telling him that a person must be born again in order to enter the kingdom of heaven, Jesus referred to the incident in Numbers 21:19 when the people were being bitten by poisonous vipers and Moses was told to make a golden serpent and place it upon a pole such that when the people looked at it after being bitten they could be cured of their illness, “No one has ascended into heaven, but He who descended from heaven: the Son of Man.  “As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up;  so that whoever believes will in Him have eternal life.  “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.”” 

 

2.7.            As a symbol of Jesus Christ, the deliverer of God’s people, Moses was able to turn his staff into a serpent and then grab and constrain that serpent and thereby have it turn it back into a staff, and do so at will.  This illustrates the fact that though Satan may have been able to come to exist after being created by God and then falling, that Jesus Christ can at will constrain Satan and turn the works of evil into good in the lives of believers converted to salvation.  He can do all of this through the staff of his authority and protective care as the Great Shepherd.

 

3.                  VS 4:6-8  - 6 The Lord furthermore said to him, “Now put your hand into your bosom.” So he put his hand into his bosom, and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous like snow. 7 Then He said, “Put your hand into your bosom again.” So he put his hand into his bosom again, and when he took it out of his bosom, behold, it was restored like the rest of his flesh. 8 “If they will not believe you or heed the witness of the first sign, they may believe the witness of the last sign. -  The Lord gives to Moses the second sign that he might use to persuade the Israelites and Pharaoh of his calling:  he could put his hand into his bosom and it would alternately turn leprous and become normal again

 

3.1.            This next sign that the Lord gives Moses to perform is that at will he is able to put his hand to his breast and have it alternately come out white covered with leprosy, and normal. 

 

3.2.            This amazing sign obviously had some symbolisms in it, including:

 

3.2.1.      Leprosy’ is symbolic in the scriptures of “sin” and its effects in human lives. 

 

3.2.2.      With Moses symbolizing Jesus Christ, the putting the hand into the breast and having it alternately come out leprous points to Jesus Christ who was made sin for us on Calvary’s cross:  2 Corinthians 5:21, “He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.

 

3.2.3.      This also symbolizes the fact that the Lord has healed us of our sin:  Isaiah 53:5, ““But He was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; The chastening for our well-being fell upon Him, And by His scourging we are healed.”

 

3.2.4.      It was the breast that caused the hand to become leprous symbolising the fact that sin comes from the heart and is a condition of the heart.

 

4.                  VS 4:9  - 9 “But if they will not believe even these two signs or heed what you say, then you shall take some water from the Nile and pour it on the dry ground; and the water which you take from the Nile will become blood on the dry ground.” -  The Lord gives to Moses the third sign that he might use to persuade the Israelites and Pharaoh of his calling:  he could turn water into blood

 

4.1.            This third sign that the Lord gave Moses to able to perform is that he was able to take water from the Nile and pour it on the ground, and it would become blood.

 

4.2.            This sign was given to Moses only if the people did not believe the previous two signs.

 

4.3.            This turning of water into blood “symbolizes the grave nature of judgment” from God for those who refuse to repent.  In the book of Revelation chapter 16, that the third bowl judgment involves the turning of all of the rivers and springs of water into blood.  If the people refuse to repent then they will eventually experience judgment and condemnation that is severe.

 

5.                  VS 4:10-16  - 10 Then Moses said to the Lord, “Please, Lord, I have never been eloquent, neither recently nor in time past, nor since You have spoken to Your servant; for I am slow of speech and slow of tongue.” 11 The Lord said to him, “Who has made man’s mouth? Or who makes him mute or deaf, or seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord? 12 “Now then go, and I, even I, will be with your mouth, and teach you what you are to say.” 13 But he said, “Please, Lord, now send the message by whomever You will.” 14 Then the anger of the Lord burned against Moses, and He said, “Is there not your brother Aaron the Levite? I know that he speaks fluently. And moreover, behold, he is coming out to meet you; when he sees you, he will be glad in his heart. 15 “You are to speak to him and put the words in his mouth; and I, even I, will be with your mouth and his mouth, and I will teach you what you are to do. 16 “Moreover, he shall speak for you to the people; and he will be as a mouth for you and you will be as God to him. -  Moses objects to having to be a spokesman to God stating that he is slow of speech and of tongue, then after the Lord tries to encourage him that He would be with his mouth and teach him what to say, the Lord tells him that Moses’ brother Aaron could speak for him

 

5.1.            Here we see that Moses again begins to argue with the burning bush.  He beseeches the Lord who is possessing the bush that He might find someone else to be His spokesman in leading the children of Israel out of Egypt.

 

5.2.            It is possible that Moses had some sort of speech impediment for he tells the Lord that he is not qualified to be His spokesman because he is ‘slow of speech’ and ‘tongue.’ 

 

5.3.            The Lord again tries to reassure Moses that He will be with him so he did not need to worry about speaking for the Lord.  The Lord asks Moses who it is that ‘has made man’s mouth’?  This indicates the fact that if the Lord made the mouth of man then He is also able to fill it.

 

5.4.            The Lord secondly asks Moses who it is who has made man ‘mute or deaf, or seeing or blind’?  This again infers that if the Lord made the ears and hearing or the eyes and seeing, that He is also able to make people hear or see the truth when someone acting as his spokesman speaks for Him.

 

5.5.            The Lord finally tells Moses that He will ‘be with your mouth,” and also that He will ‘teach you what you are to say.’  Moses should not worry about testifying for the Lord and communicating the message that the Lord wants to give him, for God will show him what to say and even be with his mouth when he speaks in the Lord’s Name.

 

5.6.            Finally, the Lord concedes to Moses and tells him to have his brother Aaron, a man who is fluent of speech, to be the spokesman for him to the children of Israel, and Pharaoh.

 

5.6.1.      The Lord’s concession to Moses is comforting to us because it shows that God knows that we are but sinful people and that He works with us in spite of our limitations and the lack of faith that we sometimes have.

 

5.7.            The Lord always prepares His people for the ministries that He has for them, and we see here that the Lord prepares Aaron, Moses brother, to be the spokesman, saying to Moses the following about Aaron:  he is coming out to meet you; when he sees you, he will be glad in his heart.’

 

5.8.         Even though Aaron shall be the spokesman, Moses is not off the hook here for we see that the Lord tells Moses that He will speak to Moses and that Moses shall then tell Aaron what he shall say all of the time:  I, will be with your mouth and his mouth, and I will teach you what you are to do, Moreover, he shall speak for you to the people; and he will be as a mouth for you and you will be as God to him.””

 

6.                  VS 4:17  - 17 “You shall take in your hand this staff, with which you shall perform the signs.” -  The Lord tells Moses to always take his staff with him wherever he goes in order to be able to perform the signs the Lord gave him

 

7.                  VS 4:18-20  - 18 Then Moses departed and returned to Jethro his father-in-law and said to him, “Please, let me go, that I may return to my brethren who are in Egypt, and see if they are still alive.” And Jethro said to Moses, “Go in peace.” 19 Now the Lord said to Moses in Midian, “Go back to Egypt, for all the men who were seeking your life are dead.” 20 So Moses took his wife and his sons and mounted them on a donkey, and returned to the land of Egypt. Moses also took the staff of God in his hand. -  Moses asks his father-in-law Jethro if he could go to his brethren in Egypt to see if they are alive, and having received his consent, Moses takes his wife and sons and returns to Egypt taking his staff with him

 

7.1.            We can respect Moses for asking permission to go to Egypt of his father-in-law, for Jethro was also his boss and Moses shepherded his sheep.

 

7.2.            However, Moses isn’t really honest with his father-in-law about why he was going to Egypt, nor when he might return.  Moses is going to deliver the entire nation of the Hebrews from the Egyptians.  Doing this might result in Moses never even returning.  So, I think we can see from Moses not being straight forward with his father-in-law that he had a lapse in his faith in the Lord and his calling by the Lord.

 

7.3.            Moses takes his whole family with him to Egypt, and notice that he now has more than one son, for it says he takes his ‘sons.’ 

 

7.4.            Moses also ‘took the staff’ which is now referred to here as the ‘staff of God” for his trip, as he is obedient to what the Lord told him to do by taking it.

 

8.                  VS 4:21-23  - 21 The Lord said to Moses, “When you go back to Egypt see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders which I have put in your power; but I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go. 22 “Then you shall say to Pharaoh, ‘Thus says the Lord, “Israel is My son, My firstborn. 23 “So I said to you, ‘Let My son go that he may serve Me’; but you have refused to let him go. Behold, I will kill your son, your firstborn.” ’ ” -  The Lord tells Moses to perform the signs He has given to him before Pharaoh, but tells him that Pharaoh will not listen to him, then he tells him that he is to tell Pharaoh that the Lord will kill his firstborn if he does not let Israel go

 

8.1.            Note here the Lord tells Moses to ‘see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders’ but also tells him that He ‘will harden his heart’ and as a result he will not let the people go.’ 

 

8.2.            One could wonder what the use of even going before Pharaoh is if the Lord knows that Pharaoh will not listen, and also because the Lord plans to harden Pharaoh’s heart not to listen.  However, Moses is supposed to go before Pharaoh and perform all of the signs that he will perform because the Lord is showing how that He is long suffering and patient and giving Pharaoh and the Egyptians many opportunities to repent and be saved from destruction. 

 

8.3.            To his credit, Moses is willing to go and speak with Pharaoh on the Lord’s behalf, even though the Lord has told him that Pharaoh will not listen.

 

8.4.            The Lord tells Moses here he is to tell Pharaoh that ‘Israel is My son, My firstborn.”  And, if that because he has refused to let His son go that the Lord ‘will kill your son your firstborn.’  This will be the eventual result of the Lord’s dealings with Pharaoh through Moses.  When the ‘firstborn’ of Israel are killed that the Egyptians will let Israel go free.

 

9.                  VS 4:24-26  - 24 Now it came about at the lodging place on the way that the Lord met him and sought to put him to death. 25 Then Zipporah took a flint and cut off her son’s foreskin and threw it at Moses’ feet, and she said, “You are indeed a bridegroom of blood to me.” 26 So He let him alone. At that time she said, “You are a bridegroom of blood”—because of the circumcision. -  The Lord seeks to put Moses to death on the way to Egypt, then Zipporah circumcises her son and appeases the Lord’s wrath

 

9.1.            It appears that Moses’ wife Ziporrah would not allow her son to be circumcised as was required by the Lord for His people (instituted under Abraham).  Now though, Zipporah is angry with Moses for the boy not being circumcised, or perhaps she is angry because Moses served a God that required all males to be circumcised.  In any case, there is a reason that later Moses will send his wife back to her father-in-law.

 

9.2.            It appears that perhaps because Zipporah cut off the foreskin of her boy that Moses at this time was somehow struck down by the Lord and incapacitated so he could not circumcise the lad.

 

10.              VS 4:27-31  - 27 Now the Lord said to Aaron, “Go to meet Moses in the wilderness.” So he went and met him at the mountain of God and kissed him. 28 Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord with which He had sent him, and all the signs that He had commanded him to do. 29 Then Moses and Aaron went and assembled all the elders of the sons of Israel; 30 and Aaron spoke all the words which the Lord had spoken to Moses. He then performed the signs in the sight of the people. 31 So the people believed; and when they heard that the Lord was concerned about the sons of Israel and that He had seen their affliction, then they bowed low and worshiped. -  Moses met up with Aaron and told him all that the Lord had done and told him, and then Moses and Aaron went to the elders of the sons of Israel and Aaron told them all that the Lord had told Moses, and Aaron performed the signs that the Lord had given him to perform

 

10.1.        It is very interesting here to see how the Lord prepares Aaron to meet up with Moses.  The Lord tells him to go and meet Moses in the wilderness, and Moses met him at the mountain of God.

 

10.2.        Here we see that Moses told Aaron all that the Lord had told him, including the signs.  I would imagine that Moses actually performed the signs for Aaron at this time as well.

 

10.3.        Moses and Aaron then went and assembled all of the elders of Israel together, this would be the heads of the tribes, and Aaron told the people all of the words that the Lord had spoken to Moses, and Aaron even performed the signs that the Lord had given to Moses to perform. 

 

10.4.        The people realized that Moses and Aaron had indeed been called of the Lord, and thus they believed them and their story.

 

10.5.        When the people hear that the Lord had ‘seen their affliction’ and sent Moses and Aaron to deliver them for bondage and Egypt, ‘they bowed low and worshipped’ the Lord.

 

11.              VS 5:1-5  - 1 And afterward Moses and Aaron came and said to Pharaoh, “Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, ‘Let My people go that they may celebrate a feast to Me in the wilderness.’ ” 2 But Pharaoh said, “Who is the Lord that I should obey His voice to let Israel go? I do not know the Lord, and besides, I will not let Israel go.” 3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please, let us go a three days’ journey into the wilderness that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, otherwise He will fall upon us with pestilence or with the sword.” 4 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labors!” 5 Again Pharaoh said, “Look, the people of the land are now many, and you would have them cease from their labors!” -  Moses and Aaron appear before Pharaoh and tell him the Lord’s word to him to let the people go into the wilderness in order to celebrate a feast for three days, but Pharaoh denies their request

 

11.1.        Moses and Aaron came before Pharaoh and gave him a word from God telling them to let the children of Israel go and perform a feast to Him in the wilderness.

 

11.2.        Moses and Aaron then make the following request of Pharaoh:  Please, let us go a three days’ journey into the wilderness that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God.’

 

11.3.        Pharaoh denies their request and his response was, “I do not know the Lord.”  This is typical of all unbelievers.  They do not know the Lord, and they are unwilling to hear Him and do His will in their life.

 

11.4.        Evidently Pharaoh had heard about Moses and Aaron and their calling by the Lord to get the children of Israel to go and sacrifice to their God, and he had heard that this had caused the people to be drawn ‘away from their work.’

 

11.5.        Pharaoh did not want the people to leave because their were so many of them that if they all left for three days a huge amount of labor would not be completed and this would set back the brick production in the country significantly.

 

12.              VS 5:6-19  - 6 So the same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters over the people and their foremen, saying, 7 “You are no longer to give the people straw to make brick as previously; let them go and gather straw for themselves. 8 “But the quota of bricks which they were making previously, you shall impose on them; you are not to reduce any of it. Because they are lazy, therefore they cry out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’ 9 “Let the labor be heavier on the men, and let them work at it so that they will pay no attention to false words.” 10 So the taskmasters of the people and their foremen went out and spoke to the people, saying, “Thus says Pharaoh, ‘I am not going to give you any straw. 11 ‘You go and get straw for yourselves wherever you can find it, but none of your labor will be reduced.’ ” 12 So the people scattered through all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw. 13 The taskmasters pressed them, saying, “Complete your work quota, your daily amount, just as when you had straw.” 14 Moreover, the foremen of the sons of Israel, whom Pharaoh’s taskmasters had set over them, were beaten and were asked, “Why have you not completed your required amount either yesterday or today in making brick as previously?” 15 Then the foremen of the sons of Israel came and cried out to Pharaoh, saying, “Why do you deal this way with your servants? 16 “There is no straw given to your servants, yet they keep saying to us, ‘Make bricks!’ And behold, your servants are being beaten; but it is the fault of your own people.” 17 But he said, “You are lazy, very lazy; therefore you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.’ 18 “So go now and work; for you will be given no straw, yet you must deliver the quota of bricks.” 19 The foremen of the sons of Israel saw that they were in trouble because they were told, “You must not reduce your daily amount of bricks.” -  Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters and foremen of the children of Israel to now require the Hebrews to gather their own straw for the bricks but to not reduce their quota of bricks to make, and the foremen of the sons of Israel were beaten by the taskmasters, and the foremen of the sons of Israel went to Pharaoh and complained about what was being required of the Hebrews and how they were being treated, but Pharaoh called them lazy and denied the petition

 

12.1.        Pharaoh does even more to illustrate his being a type of Satan here.  When the children of Israel try to flee from their bondage, he heaps even more burden upon them.  Pharaoh has the taskmasters and Hebrew foremen require the people now to gather their own straw yet still keep up their quota of bricks.

 

12.1.1.  Whenever God’s people try to take a stand for the Lord and break away from sin in their life, they will meet spiritual warfare because the Lord allows Satan to mess with them.  The Lord uses the spiritual warfare in His people’s lives to mold their character however, and so this turns out to be a good thing.  Plus, spiritual warfare always brings a wake up call to God’s people helping them to realize that they have an adversary and are in a battle and that they need to trust in the Lord for their help and deliverance.

 

12.2.        After this the taskmaster beat the Hebrew foremen for their people not meeting their quota of bricks.

 

12.3.        The Hebrew foremen brought their complaint to Pharaoh for the way they and the Israelites were being treated, however Pharaoh denied them their request and called them ‘lazy.’

 

12.3.1.  These Hebrew foremen are much like us in the church today.  We tend to look to man when we have difficulties rather than looking to the Lord for our help.  God shouldn’t be our last recourse.

 

13.              VS 5:20-23  - 20 When they left Pharaoh’s presence, they met Moses and Aaron as they were waiting for them. 21 They said to them, “May the Lord look upon you and judge you, for you have made us odious in Pharaoh’s sight and in the sight of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to kill us.” 22 Then Moses returned to the Lord and said, “O Lord, why have You brought harm to this people? Why did You ever send me? 23 “Ever since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Your name, he has done harm to this people, and You have not delivered Your people at all.” -  When Moses and Aaron met up with the Hebrew foremen they were angry at Moses and Aaron and blamed them for the mistreatment the Hebrews were experiencing, and then Moses went to the Lord and cried out to Him in prayer

 

13.1.        The Hebrew foremen immediately turned on Moses and Aaron when they met up.  They blamed Moses and Aaron for making them ‘odious in Pharaoh’s sight in the sight of his servants.’ 

 

13.2.        Moses’ greatest trials will come because of the children of Israel and the hardness of their hearts and their being stiff-necked and stubborn.

 

13.3.        One of the things that was unique about Moses, and this must have a lot to do with his life of prayer that developed while shepherding in the wilderness for 40 years prior to this, he constantly takes his difficulties and problems to the Lord in prayer.  He knew that importance of praying about all of our needs and desires.

 

13.3.1.  We as Christians need to learn to come to the Lord first for our help.

 

13.4.        In the scriptures, we see that the Lord never condemns anyone for bringing their complaints to Him.  When we bring our complaints and difficulties to the Lord He hears us and meets our need.

 

14.              CONCLUSIONS:

 

14.1.        .

 

 

 

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